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Padrões Compose Multiplatform

Padrões para Compose Multiplatform e Jetpack Compose em projetos KMP — gerenciamento de estado, navegação, temas, desempenho e UI específica de plataforma. Use ao construir UI Compose ou Jetpack Compose, estado, navegação ou temas em um projeto KMP.

O que é Padrões Compose Multiplatform?

Este skill fornece um conjunto abrangente de padrões de design e boas práticas para construir interfaces de usuário compartilhadas entre Android, iOS, Desktop e Web usando Compose Multiplatform e Jetpack Compose. Ele abrange desde gerenciamento de estado com ViewModels e `StateFlow`, passando por navegação type-safe com `@Serializable`, até otimizações de desempenho como uso de `derivedStateOf`, tipos `@Stable` e chaves em listas `Lazy`. O conteúdo é direcionado a desenvolvedores que trabalham com projetos Kotlin Multiplatform (KMP) e querem aplicar padrões testados e eficientes para evitar antipadrões. As instruções são compatíveis com ferramentas como Claude Code, Cursor e Codex, e as técnicas descritas são aplicáveis tanto no ecossistema Android tradicional quanto no contexto multiplataforma.

Funciona com~Claude Code~Codex CLI~Cursor
npx skills add https://github.com/affaan-m/ECC/tree/main/skills/compose-multiplatform-patterns

Perguntar na sua IA favorita

Abre um novo chat com esta habilidade de agente já pré-carregada.

Documentação

O que Padrões Compose Multiplatform faz?

Padrões para construir UI compartilhada entre Android, iOS, Desktop e Web usando Compose Multiplatform e Jetpack Compose. Abrange gerenciamento de estado, navegação, temas e desempenho.

Quando Ativar

  • Construindo UI Compose (Jetpack Compose ou Compose Multiplatform)
  • Gerenciando estado da UI com ViewModels e estado do Compose
  • Implementando navegação em projetos KMP ou Android
  • Projetando composables reutilizáveis e sistemas de design
  • Otimizando desempenho de recomposição e renderização

Gerenciamento de Estado

ViewModel + Objeto de Estado Único

Use uma única classe de dados para o estado da tela. Exponha-a como StateFlow e colete no Compose:

data class ItemListState(
    val items: List<Item> = emptyList(),
    val isLoading: Boolean = false,
    val error: String? = null,
    val searchQuery: String = ""
)

class ItemListViewModel(
    private val getItems: GetItemsUseCase
) : ViewModel() {
    private val _state = MutableStateFlow(ItemListState())
    val state: StateFlow<ItemListState> = _state.asStateFlow()

    fun onSearch(query: String) {
        _state.update { it.copy(searchQuery = query) }
        loadItems(query)
    }

    private fun loadItems(query: String) {
        viewModelScope.launch {
            _state.update { it.copy(isLoading = true) }
            getItems(query).fold(
                onSuccess = { items -> _state.update { it.copy(items = items, isLoading = false) } },
                onFailure = { e -> _state.update { it.copy(error = e.message, isLoading = false) } }
            )
        }
    }
}

Coletando Estado no Compose

@Composable
fun ItemListScreen(viewModel: ItemListViewModel = koinViewModel()) {
    val state by viewModel.state.collectAsStateWithLifecycle()

    ItemListContent(
        state = state,
        onSearch = viewModel::onSearch
    )
}

@Composable
private fun ItemListContent(
    state: ItemListState,
    onSearch: (String) -> Unit
) {
    // Composable sem estado — fácil de pré-visualizar e testar
}

Padrão Event Sink

Para telas complexas, use uma interface selada para eventos em vez de múltiplos lambdas de callback:

sealed interface ItemListEvent {
    data class Search(val query: String) : ItemListEvent
    data class Delete(val itemId: String) : ItemListEvent
    data object Refresh : ItemListEvent
}

// No ViewModel
fun onEvent(event: ItemListEvent) {
    when (event) {
        is ItemListEvent.Search -> onSearch(event.query)
        is ItemListEvent.Delete -> deleteItem(event.itemId)
        is ItemListEvent.Refresh -> loadItems(_state.value.searchQuery)
    }
}

// No Composable — um único lambda em vez de muitos
ItemListContent(
    state = state,
    onEvent = viewModel::onEvent
)

Navegação

Navegação Type-Safe (Compose Navigation 2.8+)

Defina rotas como objetos @Serializable:

@Serializable data object HomeRoute
@Serializable data class DetailRoute(val id: String)
@Serializable data object SettingsRoute

@Composable
fun AppNavHost(navController: NavHostController = rememberNavController()) {
    NavHost(navController, startDestination = HomeRoute) {
        composable<HomeRoute> {
            HomeScreen(onNavigateToDetail = { id -> navController.navigate(DetailRoute(id)) })
        }
        composable<DetailRoute> { backStackEntry ->
            val route = backStackEntry.toRoute<DetailRoute>()
            DetailScreen(id = route.id)
        }
        composable<SettingsRoute> { SettingsScreen() }
    }
}

Navegação com Diálogos e Bottom Sheets

Use dialog() e padrões de sobreposição em vez de show/hide imperativos:

NavHost(navController, startDestination = HomeRoute) {
    composable<HomeRoute> { /* ... */ }
    dialog<ConfirmDeleteRoute> { backStackEntry ->
        val route = backStackEntry.toRoute<ConfirmDeleteRoute>()
        ConfirmDeleteDialog(
            itemId = route.itemId,
            onConfirm = { navController.popBackStack() },
            onDismiss = { navController.popBackStack() }
        )
    }
}

Design de Composables

APIs Baseadas em Slots

Projete composables com parâmetros de slot para flexibilidade:

@Composable
fun AppCard(
    modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
    header: @Composable () -> Unit = {},
    content: @Composable ColumnScope.() -> Unit,
    actions: @Composable RowScope.() -> Unit = {}
) {
    Card(modifier = modifier) {
        Column {
            header()
            Column(content = content)
            Row(horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.End, content = actions)
        }
    }
}

Ordem dos Modifiers

A ordem dos modifiers importa — aplique nesta sequência:

Text(
    text = "Hello",
    modifier = Modifier
        .padding(16.dp)          // 1. Layout (padding, size)
        .clip(RoundedCornerShape(8.dp))  // 2. Shape
        .background(Color.White) // 3. Desenho (background, border)
        .clickable { }           // 4. Interação
)

UI Específica de Plataforma em KMP

expect/actual para Composables de Plataforma

// commonMain
@Composable
expect fun PlatformStatusBar(darkIcons: Boolean)

// androidMain
@Composable
actual fun PlatformStatusBar(darkIcons: Boolean) {
    val systemUiController = rememberSystemUiController()
    SideEffect { systemUiController.setStatusBarColor(Color.Transparent, darkIcons) }
}

// iosMain
@Composable
actual fun PlatformStatusBar(darkIcons: Boolean) {
    // iOS lida com isso via interoperabilidade UIKit ou Info.plist
}

Desempenho

Tipos Estáveis para Recomposição Ignorável

Marque classes como @Stable ou @Immutable quando todas as propriedades forem estáveis:

@Immutable
data class ItemUiModel(
    val id: String,
    val title: String,
    val description: String,
    val progress: Float
)

Use key() e Listas Lazy Corretamente

LazyColumn {
    items(
        items = items,
        key = { it.id }  // Chaves estáveis permitem reuso de itens e animações
    ) { item ->
        ItemRow(item = item)
    }
}

Adiar Leituras com derivedStateOf

val listState = rememberLazyListState()
val showScrollToTop by remember {
    derivedStateOf { listState.firstVisibleItemIndex > 5 }
}

Evite Alocações Durante a Recomposição

// RUIM — novo lambda e nova lista a cada recomposição
items.filter { it.isActive }.forEach { ActiveItem(it, onClick = { handle(it) }) }

// BOM — key em cada item para que os callbacks permaneçam ligados à linha correta
val activeItems = remember(items) { items.filter { it.isActive } }
activeItems.forEach { item ->
    key(item.id) {
        ActiveItem(item, onClick = { handle(item) })
    }
}

Temas

Temas Dinâmicos Material 3

@Composable
fun AppTheme(
    darkTheme: Boolean = isSystemInDarkTheme(),
    dynamicColor: Boolean = true,
    content: @Composable () -> Unit
) {
    val colorScheme = when {
        dynamicColor && Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.S -> {
            if (darkTheme) dynamicDarkColorScheme(LocalContext.current)
            else dynamicLightColorScheme(LocalContext.current)
        }
        darkTheme -> darkColorScheme()
        else -> lightColorScheme()
    }

    MaterialTheme(colorScheme = colorScheme, content = content)
}

Antipadrões a Evitar

  • Usar mutableStateOf em ViewModels quando MutableStateFlow com collectAsStateWithLifecycle é mais seguro para o ciclo de vida
  • Passar NavController profundamente nos composables — passe lambdas de callback
  • Computação pesada dentro de funções @Composable — mova para o ViewModel ou remember {}
  • Usar LaunchedEffect(Unit) como substituto para a inicialização do ViewModel — ele é reexecutado em mudanças de configuração em alguns cenários
  • Criar novas instâncias de objetos em parâmetros de composables — causa recomposição desnecessária

Referências

Veja skill: android-clean-architecture para estrutura de módulos e camadas. Veja skill: kotlin-coroutines-flows para padrões de corrotinas e Flow.

Individual skills in this repo

This repo contains 20 individual skills — each has its own dedicated page.

accessibility

Design, implement, and audit inclusive digital products using WCAG 2.2 Level AA. Use when building or auditing UI that must meet WCAG 2.2 Level AA, or when reviewing a change for keyboard, contrast, or screen-reader support.

affaan-m/content-engine

Create platform-native content systems for X, LinkedIn, TikTok, YouTube, newsletters, and repurposed multi-platform campaigns. Use when the user wants social posts, threads, scripts, content calendars, or one source asset adapted cleanly across platforms.

affaan-m/ECC

Multi-platform content distribution across X, LinkedIn, Threads, and Bluesky. Adapts content per platform using content-engine patterns. Never posts identical content cross-platform. Use when the user wants to distribute content across social platforms.

affaan-m/fal-ai-media

Unified media generation via fal.ai MCP — image, video, and audio. Covers text-to-image (Nano Banana), text/image-to-video (Seedance, Kling, Veo 3), text-to-speech (CSM-1B), and video-to-audio (ThinkSound). Use when the user wants to generate images, videos, or audio with AI.

affaan-m/manim-video

日本語翻訳:このファイルは manim-video 用の日本語翻訳が必要です

affaan-m/remotion-video-creation

Remotion のベストプラクティス - React で動画を作成する。3D、アニメーション、音声、字幕、チャート、トランジションなどをカバーするドメイン固有の29のルール。

affaan-m/video-editing

AI-assisted video editing workflows for cutting, structuring, and augmenting real footage. Covers the full pipeline from raw capture through FFmpeg, Remotion, ElevenLabs, fal.ai, and final polish in Descript or CapCut. Use when the user wants to edit video, cut footage, create vlogs, or build video content.

agent-architecture-audit

Full-stack diagnostic for agent and LLM applications. Audits the 12-layer agent stack for wrapper regression, memory pollution, tool discipline failures, hidden repair loops, and rendering corruption. Produces severity-ranked findings with code-first fixes. Essential for developers building agent applications, autonomous loops, or any LLM-powered feature. Use when an agent or LLM feature misbehaves and the failing layer is unknown, or before shipping an agent stack.

agent-eval

Head-to-head comparison of coding agents (Claude Code, Aider, Codex, etc.) on custom tasks with pass rate, cost, time, and consistency metrics. Use when choosing between coding agents, or when a change to an agent setup needs measured pass rate, cost, and time rather than an impression.

agent-harness-construction

Design and optimize AI agent action spaces, tool definitions, and observation formatting for higher completion rates. Use when defining or revising an agent

agentic-engineering

Operate as an agentic engineer using eval-first execution, decomposition, and cost-aware model routing. Use when planning or executing engineering work that agents will carry out end to end.

agentic-os

Build persistent multi-agent operating systems on Claude Code. Covers kernel architecture, specialist agents, slash commands, file-based memory, scheduled automation, and state management without external databases. Use when building a persistent multi-agent system on Claude Code with its own memory, commands, and scheduling.

agent-introspection-debugging

Structured self-debugging workflow for AI agent failures using capture, diagnosis, contained recovery, and introspection reports. Use when an agent run fails and you need a reproducible diagnosis instead of a retry.

agent-payment-x402

Add x402 payment execution to AI agents with per-task budgets, spending controls, and non-custodial wallets. Supports Base through agentwallet-sdk and X Layer through OKX Payments / OKX Agent Payments Protocol. Use when an agent must pay for something itself and needs per-task budgets, spending controls, and a non-custodial wallet.

agent-self-evaluation

Use after completing any non-trivial task. The agent self-rates its output on 5 axes — accuracy, completeness, clarity, actionability, conciseness — with concrete evidence per criterion. Produces a structured 1-5 scorecard with specific improvement suggestions.

agent-sort

Build an evidence-backed ECC install plan for a specific repo by sorting skills, commands, rules, hooks, and extras into DAILY vs LIBRARY buckets using parallel repo-aware review passes. Use when ECC should be trimmed to what a project actually needs instead of loading the full bundle.

ai-first-engineering

Engineering operating model for teams where AI agents generate a large share of implementation output. Use when setting team process, review gates, or ownership rules for a codebase largely written by agents.

ai-regression-testing

Regression testing strategies for AI-assisted development. Sandbox-mode API testing without database dependencies, automated bug-check workflows, and patterns to catch AI blind spots where the same model writes and reviews code. Use when adding regression coverage to AI-assisted code, or when the same model both wrote and reviewed a change.

android-clean-architecture

Clean Architecture patterns for Android and Kotlin Multiplatform projects — module structure, dependency rules, UseCases, Repositories, and data layer patterns. Use when structuring modules, layers, or data flow in an Android or KMP project.

angular-developer

Generates Angular code and provides architectural guidance. Trigger when creating projects, components, or services, or for best practices on reactivity (signals, linkedSignal, resource), forms, dependency injection, routing, SSR, accessibility (ARIA), animations, styling (component styles, Tailwind CSS), testing, or CLI tooling.

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