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FerroxLabs/wayland

name: 视频故事板

wayland 是什么?

视频故事板技能专为视频制作前期设计,帮助用户将视频概念、脚本或创意简报转化为结构化的、逐镜头的视觉计划。它支持商业广告、产品演示、教程、纪录片、叙事片等多种视频风格,并适用于单机位或多机位拍摄场景。该技能通过六个步骤生成可交付的镜头列表:提取制作简报、建立场景架构、设计每个场景中的单个镜头、应用视觉语法规则、为每个镜头编写音频注释,以及计算总时长并标记覆盖风险。最终输出中包含镜头类型(如广角、特写、过肩镜头)、相机运动(如平移、推拉、手持)、时长、音频提示和制作备注,可直接交付给摄影师或剪辑师。该技能特别强调了“英雄时刻”(hero moment)的识别、180度轴线规则、镜头大小跳转规则等专业电影制作原则,确保故事板具有专业性和可执行性。它适用于Claude Code等AI代理平台,通过结构化提示引导用户完成完整的故事板设计流程。

兼容平台~Claude Code~Codex CLI✓Cursor
npx skills add https://github.com/FerroxLabs/wayland/tree/main/src/process/resources/skills-library/bodies/skills/design-creative/video-storyboard

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文档

视频故事板

何时使用

当用户需要为视频制作制定一个结构化的、逐镜头的视觉计划时——在拍摄或动画制作之前——使用此技能。

触发场景:

  • 用户要求为视频创意、广告、演示、讲解片或品牌宣传片制作故事板,并需要以镜头表格而非脚本的形式呈现结果
  • 用户有脚本或创意简报,需要将其转化为可投入制作的摄影指导——镜头类型、运动、时长和音频提示
  • 用户需要一个镜头列表,以便交给尚未阅读创意的摄影指导、摄像师或剪辑师
  • 用户正在准备前期制作包,需要一份视觉规划文档,与处理方案或脚本配套
  • 用户希望测试视频创意的节奏问题、镜头覆盖不足或时长超限,以免在拍摄日才发现问题
  • 用户正在协调多机位制作(采访、现场活动、小组讨论),需要为每个镜头分配摄像角色
  • 用户需要向客户、品牌利益相关者或制片人推销视频创意,并希望提供一份专业的前期可视化文档

请勿使用的情况:

  • 用户需要口语对话、镜头前的旁白文本或脚本化的画外音——请使用 video-script-writing
  • 用户正在规划YouTube视频的标题、缩略图、标签或SEO策略——请使用 youtube-video-strategy
  • 用户需要长度小于60秒的社交媒体短视频或TikTok的钩子、标题或内容流程——请使用 short-form-video-planning
  • 用户仅需要一个段落长度的视频处理方案或创意摘要——那是创意简报,不是故事板
  • 用户要求视频剪辑指导、调色决策或后期制作工作流程——此技能止于前期制作
  • 用户需要播客或纯音频制作计划——故事板没有视觉组成部分

流程

第1步:提取制作简报

在设计单个镜头之前,收集所有制约制作的信息。此阶段信息缺失会导致后续的结构性返工。

  • 必需输入: 视频创意或脚本(即使是段落摘要也可以)、目标时长、目标平台或分发格式、视频风格(商业、叙事、教程、纪录片、访谈、蒙太奇、讲解/动画)以及目标受众
  • 设备限制: 单机位与多机位、稳定设备(云台、滑轨、摇臂/吊臂、无人机)、灯光设置(仅自然光、影棚、外景)以及可用镜头——这些决定了哪些镜头在物理上可行
  • 对象数量: 需要出现在镜头前的人数、产品或物体数量。每个场景的对象越多,需要的覆盖镜头就越多
  • 地点数量: 每个实体地点需要独立的场景区块。地点越多,后勤复杂性和设置时间就越多,会影响每个场景的镜头数量
  • 如果输入不完整: 不要停滞。根据既定视频风格的合理假设构建故事板,然后在输出顶部的“制作假设”区块中明确标记每个假设。请用户确认或更正。
  • 确定最重要的视觉时刻: 每个有效的视频都有一个“英雄时刻”——整个视频为之铺垫的镜头。尽早识别它,并在结构中保护它。

第2步:建立场景架构

场景是在同一个实体地点或连续时间块中的连续序列。在设计镜头之前将创意分解为场景,可以防止覆盖缺口。

  • 按时长的场景数量基准: 一个60秒的商业广告通常有3-5个场景;一个2-3分钟的产品演示有4-7个场景;一个5-8分钟的教程或纪录片风格视频有6-12个场景。场景多于这些基准意味着叙事碎片化——少于意味着视觉多样性不足
  • 为每个场景分配叙事功能: 设立/问题、产品/解决方案介绍、功能演示、社会证明或推荐、收益总结以及行动号召是标准的商业叙事模块。纪录片和叙事虚构类使用:建立、激励事件、上升动作、高潮和结局。每个场景必须通过推进其中一项功能来证明其存在价值
  • 标记每个场景: 场景编号、地点、照明条件(自然光/人工光、时间、光质:硬/软)以及叙事目的(观众在此场景结束时了解或感受到的内容)
  • 按叙事权重估算场景时长: 介绍和行动号召场景通常各占10-20%的总时长。核心演示或故事场景占50-60%。不要为所有场景分配相等的时间——那会导致节奏平淡
  • 尽早标记地点变换的过渡: 在拍摄中途从受控的影棚环境转移到自然地点,需要服装、道具和连续性计划。在设计镜头之前注意这些依赖关系

第3步:在每个场景内设计单个镜头

每个镜头是从一个机位进行的单次连续录制。设计镜头要服务于场景的叙事功能——而不是展示技巧。

  • 镜头类型词汇——使用这些精确术语:

    • EWS(极远景): 整个环境,主体很小或不存在。用于建立地理或规模
    • WS(远景): 主体全身可见,带有显著环境。用于建立地点和肢体语言
    • MS(中景): 腰部到头。用于对话场景和产品上下文
    • MCU(中近景): 胸部到头。访谈和对话的主力镜头——大多数广播新闻默认使用MCU
    • CU(特写): 脸部充满画面,或产品特征充满画面。用于情感高潮和关键细节
    • ECU(极特写): 单个特征:眼睛、手、一个按钮、一个纹理、一个标签。用于隔离CU无法隔离的细节
    • 插入镜头: 场景中直接引用的物体或动作的切入镜头。不是人物镜头——是物体镜头(手机屏幕、钥匙转动、纸上的签名)
    • OTS(过肩镜头): 相机在一个主体的肩膀后面看向另一个主体。两人互动的标准镜头
    • POV(主观镜头): 相机放置在主体眼睛的位置。创造第一人称沉浸感
    • 航空/无人机: 从上方建立地理的高角度镜头。在多数司法管辖区需要特定设备和许可
  • 相机运动词汇——使用这些精确术语:

    • 静止: 相机锁定在三脚架上。零运动。访谈和产品镜头的默认设置
    • 左摇/右摇: 在固定轴上的水平旋转。用于揭示环境或跟随横向移动
    • 上摇/下摇: 在固定轴上的垂直旋转。用于揭示和传达规模
    • 前推/后拉: 相机沿线性路径物理移向或移离主体。需要滑轨、云台。与变焦不同——透视关系发生变化
    • 左移/右移: 整个相机的横向物理移动。创造视差深度
    • 手持: 摄影师手持相机,无稳定设备。引入有机运动和能量。故意用于营造紧张感,而非作为默认设置
    • 云台: 电动三轴稳定设备。允许移动而不抖动。较小制作中现代替代轨道
    • 吊臂/升降: 相机在臂架上上升或下降。创造戏剧性的揭示和权威感
    • 推近/拉远: 焦距变化,无物理相机移动。透视关系不变。谨慎使用——它被视为风格选择,而非中性覆盖
  • 主体动作必须具体且主动: “人说话”不是动作。“人拿起瓶子,阅读标签,然后放下”才是。每个镜头应描述画面中实际发生的物理动作

  • 以整秒分配时长,每个镜头至少2秒: 宽幅建立镜头通常为4-6秒。对话或演示镜头为3-8秒。ECU和插入镜头为2-4秒。行动号召结束卡为4-8秒

  • 余量时间: 每个镜头的时长估计中增加1-2秒作为剪辑缓冲。一个4秒的镜头应拍摄为6秒。在制作总结中注明余量时间,非每个镜头


第4步:应用镜头构建规则以实现视觉语法

这些不是审美偏好——它们是专业剪辑师和导演用来保持观众定位的视觉连续性和节奏的既定原则。

  • 180度规则: 在任何有两个主体或一个移动主体的场景中,选择动作的一侧,并切勿用相机跨越。跨越轴线会颠倒左右空间关系,使观众迷失方向。在复杂场景的场景标题中注明轴线
  • 镜头大小跳转: 当在同一主体的两个镜头之间切换时,镜头大小必须至少变化两个级别(例如,从MS到CU,而非从MS到MCU)。在同一主体的相似取景之间切换会产生“跳切”,除非是故意的风格选择(音乐视频、访谈能量),否则会被视为错误
  • 三分法: 主体应被取景,使其眼睛(或主要视觉元素)位于上三分之一的交叉点,而非正中心。在镜头的备注列中注明此取景指令(如果对镜头类型重要)
  • 镜头多样性节奏: 连续不超过2-3个相同尺寸的镜头(例如,连续三个MCU会削弱能量)。交替使用更宽的镜头提供上下文和更紧的镜头提供细节。一个有用的默认节奏:WS → MS → CU → 插入 → MS是一个动作的完整覆盖块
  • 每个场景必须有一个建立镜头: 新地点的第一个镜头必须在地理上引导观众。这是不可协商的。唯一的例外是故意的神秘揭示,其中地点模糊是一种叙事手段
  • 视线匹配: 如果主体A在镜头X中看向画面右侧,那么主体B(A正在看的人)必须在下一个镜头中看向画面左侧。不匹配的视线会破坏空间逻辑
  • 前向空间和头顶空间: 在移动主体中,相机取景必须在移动方向留出空间(前向空间),并在主体头部上方留出适当空间(头顶空间)。在备注列中注明取景调整

第5步:为每个镜头编写音频注释

音频设计发生在前期制作中,而非后期。每个镜头都需要音频注释,以指导拍摄和剪辑师。

  • 音频源类型: 同期声(现场录制的现场麦克风)、画外音/VO(单独录制的旁白)、音乐(背景或特色音轨)、环境/自然声(室内噪音、环境噪音)、音效/SFX(特定音效:通知提示音、机械咔嚓声、人群低语)以及静音(为效果刻意的不发声)
  • 画外音时机: 如果镜头带有VO,引用覆盖其上的VO的第一个和最后一个单词(例如,VO:“大多数人忘记...” → “...直到为时已晚。”)。这可以将故事板与脚本关联,让剪辑师知道镜头需要支持哪句台词
  • 音乐注释: 指定所需的情感质量(推动性、振奋性、紧张性、稀疏性、温暖性)以及音乐中的结构时刻(音乐开始、音乐推进、高潮、峰值、音乐淡出)。不要指定具体歌曲——描述其功能
  • 环境音: 对于外景镜头,始终注明“在场景设置开始时录制30秒室内噪音”。这是一个制作指令,可防止剪辑中出现死寂
  • 同期对话: 如果主体在镜头前说话,注明其台词的前几个词,以便故事板与脚本关联。如果对话无脚本,标记为“即兴对话”并注明主题(例如,“即兴:主体描述他们的早晨例行公事”)
  • J-cut和L-cut标记: 当下一场景的音频应在视觉切换前开始(J-cut)或持续到视觉切换后(L-cut)时,在场景之间的过渡块中标记。这些是最强大的编辑决策之一,必须在前期规划,而非后期发现

第6步:计算时长并标记覆盖风险

一个超出目标时长40%的故事板并不具备制作就绪的条件。时长计算是交付物的一部分。

  • 将所有镜头时长相加,并与目标进行比较。报告两个数字
  • 可接受的公差: 在目标的±15%范围内即为制作就绪。15-25%超出:在备注列中将最低优先级的镜头标记为“可选剪切”。超过25%超出:重构场景,而非仅调整单个镜头
  • 覆盖比例: 每个场景应有足够镜头,让剪辑师有有意义的选项。一个10秒场景只有一个10秒镜头,给剪辑师零灵活性。计划每个场景至少3个镜头。纪录片和访谈场景应有2倍覆盖(足够剪辑到原始时长50%的镜头)
  • 预估拍摄时间公式: 总计划视频时长 × 6到10 = 实际拍摄时间(分钟)。一个90秒的视频需要9-15分钟的实际录制窗口,但总制作小时数(交通、设置、导演、重拍、拆卸)要长得多——小团队每个地点预估3-5小时,满员团队每个地点6-10小时
  • 每镜设置时间基准: 简单的静态访谈镜头每次设置需5-10分钟。在受控表面上的产品镜头:15-30分钟。多灯设置或相机运动装备:每次设置30-60分钟。使用这些基准在制作总结中生成“预估拍摄时间”数字
  • 标记缺失的覆盖类型: 如果在需要剪辑的场景中不存在B-roll或插入镜头,则标记。一个需要剪辑的访谈片段若无B-roll会产生“跳切”问题,应在进入剪辑前用B-roll任务解决。专用产品镜头也必须包含环境上下文镜头

Individual skills in this repo

This repo contains 20 individual skills — each has its own dedicated page.

FerroxLabs/wayland

Build a long-form About page that converts visitors into subscribers and buyers - not a bio expanded into paragraphs, but a full DR asset that hooks with the reader's problem, tells a story-of-discovery, proves the path with results, and closes with an explicit next step. Outputs a structured content brief plus paste-ready section copy. Use when a website About page exists but reads like a résumé, career history, or humble-brag parade - or when building a new About page from scratch for a personal brand, consultant, coach, or founder. Not for a bio (use content-bio) and not for a full sales page (use convert-sales-page) - the About page is the trust asset in the awareness layer, not the conversion layer.

FerroxLabs/wayland

Run a section-by-section CRO teardown on a single landing page. Scores hero, value prop, social proof, features, objections, CTA, and footer; audits forms, mobile, and page speed; outputs prioritized fixes (quick wins / strategic / long-term) and A/B test hypotheses to a client-ready markdown report. Activates on phrases like "CRO review", "landing page audit", "improve my conversion rate", "/market landing acme.com/signup".

FerroxLabs/wayland

>- Project runway across bear/base/bull scenarios with a date-of-zero per scenario and action triggers. Use when the user wants a structured multi-step process to project cash runway and set the rules for what to do as cash falls. Do NOT use for a single runway number an atomic finance skill can answer.

FerroxLabs/wayland

Complete guide to launching a freelance writing career covering pitching editors, rate negotiation, portfolio development, niche selection, and building a sustainable client pipeline. Use when the user asks about freelance writer launcher, related techniques, best practices, or needs guidance in this domain. Do NOT use when the request is outside the scope of freelance writer launcher or requires a different specialized skill.

FerroxLabs/wayland

Complete guide to running a photography business covering portfolio building, pricing packages, contracts and model releases, session workflow, editing turnaround, client gallery delivery, album design, marketing strategy, and specialty comparisons across wedding, portrait, and commercial photography. Use when the user asks about photography business or needs help with related topics. Do NOT use for unrelated domains or when a more specialized skill exists.

FerroxLabs/wayland

Builds a dated, milestone-based career pivot roadmap covering skill gap analysis, credential requirements, portfolio plan, networking targets, and timeline. Produces a complete action plan document with specific dates and measurable milestones. Use when the user wants to change careers, transition to a new field, plan a career switch, or build a roadmap for entering a different industry. Do NOT use for job search strategy within the same field (use job-search-strategy), resume rewriting for a career change (use career-change-resume), or skill learning plans for professional development without a career change (use skill-gap-analysis).

FerroxLabs/wayland

Defines professional positioning including unique value proposition, target audience, platform selection, content themes, and a 90-day visibility plan. Produces a complete brand strategy document. Use when the user wants to build a personal brand, establish thought leadership, increase professional visibility, or create a content strategy for career growth. Do NOT use for LinkedIn profile writing (use linkedin-summary-writer), resume writing (use resume-bullet-writer), or social media marketing for a business (use content-marketing skills).

FerroxLabs/wayland

Builds a plan for creating a freelance or professional portfolio including content selection criteria, portfolio structure, case study format, and a 30-60-90 day publishing schedule. Produces a complete portfolio development plan document. Use when the user wants to build a professional portfolio, create a freelance portfolio website, select work samples, or plan a portfolio launch for career advancement or client acquisition. Do NOT use for personal brand strategy (use personal-brand-strategy), resume writing (use resume-bullet-writer), or website development (use web development skills).

FerroxLabs/wayland

Helps artists, designers, and creative professionals curate, organize, and present their work through compelling portfolios across digital platforms, personal websites, and print formats for career advancement. Use when the user asks about creative portfolio builder, related techniques, best practices, or needs guidance in this domain. Do NOT use when the request is outside the scope of creative portfolio builder or requires a different specialized skill.

FerroxLabs/wayland

Cross-discipline creative portfolio assessment evaluating artistic cohesion, technical skill, presentation quality, and market positioning. Produces a scored evaluation with recommendations for strengthening creative identity and professional opportunity. Use when the user asks about creative portfolio evaluator, related techniques, best practices, or needs guidance in this domain. Do NOT use when the request is outside the scope of creative portfolio evaluator or requires a different specialized skill.

FerroxLabs/wayland

Professional design portfolio evaluation assessing design process, craft quality, range of work, presentation, and industry alignment. Produces a scored review with recommendations for strengthening design practice and career positioning. Use when the user asks about design portfolio reviewer, related techniques, best practices, or needs guidance in this domain. Do NOT use when the request is outside the scope of design portfolio reviewer or requires a different specialized skill.

FerroxLabs/wayland

Photography portfolio evaluation assessing technical skill, artistic vision, consistency of style, and market positioning. Produces a scored critique with specific improvement priorities for photographers at any level. Use when the user asks about photography portfolio critic, related techniques, best practices, or needs guidance in this domain. Do NOT use when the request is outside the scope of photography portfolio critic or requires a different specialized skill.

FerroxLabs/wayland

Identifies a user's visual preferences from described examples, extracts the defining characteristics including color treatment, contrast, subject selection, and composition, and produces a personal photography style guide with specific settings targets. Applicable to any camera and processor. Use when the user asks to develop a photography style, create visual consistency, define their aesthetic, or build a cohesive portfolio look. Do NOT use for single-photo composition (use composition-guide), camera settings for a specific shot (use exposure-triangle), or photo editing steps (use photo-editing-workflow).

FerroxLabs/wayland

Comprehensive writing portfolio evaluation assessing quality of craft, range and versatility, market readiness, and professional presentation. Produces a scored review with specific improvement priorities for writers seeking publication, clients, or career advancement. Use when the user asks about writing portfolio reviewer, related techniques, best practices, or needs guidance in this domain. Do NOT use when the request is outside the scope of writing portfolio reviewer or requires a different specialized skill.

FerroxLabs/wayland

Produces conversion-optimized landing page copy with hero section, problem statement, solution, social proof, and CTA sections using conversion copywriting methodology. Use when the user asks to write landing page copy, create a product page, write a sales page, draft conversion copy, or write landing page text for a website. Also useful when asked to write website copy or create a page that converts visitors. Do NOT use for ad copy (use paid-ad-copy), product descriptions for e-commerce listings (use product-description), or full website content strategy (use seo-content-strategy).

FerroxLabs/wayland

Explains asset allocation concepts including equities, bonds, cash, and real assets. Describes common allocation philosophies and helps the user apply a decision framework to their own risk profile and time horizon. Produces a structured analysis the user can use when building their portfolio. Use when the user asks about asset allocation, how to diversify investments, or how to build a portfolio based on their risk tolerance. Do NOT use for choosing specific investment products or funds, assessing risk tolerance (use risk-tolerance-assessment), or understanding account types (use investment-account-types). Never prescribes specific allocation percentages.

FerroxLabs/wayland

Portfolio rebalancing education covering target allocation setting, drift threshold strategies, calendar vs threshold triggers, tax-efficient rebalancing methods, rebalancing across multiple account types, and behavioral coaching to maintain discipline through market volatility. Use when the user asks about portfolio rebalancing coach, related techniques, best practices, or needs guidance in this domain. Do NOT use when the request is outside the scope of portfolio rebalancing coach or requires a different specialized skill.

FerroxLabs/wayland

>- End-to-end workflow for building a professional photography portfolio from niche selection through shooting, editing, website creation, and client acquisition. Covers gear decisions, shooting technique, post-processing workflow, portfolio curation, online presence, and the transition from hobbyist to working photographer. Use when the user wants to build photography portfolio or needs a structured multi-step process for this goal. Do NOT use when the request is a single-step task or requires professional advice beyond educational guidance.

FerroxLabs/wayland

>- End-to-end workflow for creating a high-converting SaaS landing page from copywriting through design, development, SEO optimization, and analytics setup. Covers persuasion frameworks, responsive design, performance optimization, and conversion tracking to turn visitors into customers. Use when the user wants to build saas landing page or needs a structured multi-step process for this goal. Do NOT use when the request is a single-step task or requires professional advice beyond educational guidance.

FerroxLabs/wayland

>- End-to-end workflow for developing a distinctive digital art style, building a professional portfolio, establishing marketplace presence, marketing artwork, and understanding licensing. Covers tools, technique development, portfolio curation, platform selection, pricing strategy, and building a sustainable art practice that generates income. Use when the user wants to create sell digital art or needs a structured multi-step process for this goal. Do NOT use when the request is a single-step task or requires professional advice beyond educational guidance.

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