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padrões-compose-multiplataforma

Padrões para Compose Multiplatform e Jetpack Compose em projetos KMP — gerenciamento de estado, navegação, temas, performance e UI específica de plataforma. Use ao construir UI com Compose ou Jetpack Compose, estado, navegação ou temas em um projeto KMP.

O que é padrões-compose-multiplataforma?

Este skill fornece um conjunto abrangente de padrões de arquitetura e design para construir interfaces de usuário compartilhadas entre Android, iOS, Desktop e Web utilizando Compose Multiplatform e Jetpack Compose. Ele aborda práticas essenciais como gerenciamento de estado com ViewModel e StateFlow, navegação type-safe com rotas serializáveis, design de composables reutilizáveis com APIs baseadas em slots, e otimizações de performance como tipos estáveis, uso correto de chaves em listas lazy e `derivedStateOf`. Também inclui diretrizes para temas dinâmicos com Material 3, integração com UI específica de plataforma via `expect/actual`, e uma lista de antipadrões a serem evitados. Suporta projetos Kotlin Multiplatform (KMP) e é útil para desenvolvedores que desejam criar UIs consistentes, testáveis e eficientes entre plataformas.

Funciona com~Claude Code~Codex CLI~Cursor
npx skills add https://github.com/affaan-m/everything-claude-code/tree/main/skills/compose-multiplatform-patterns

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Documentação

Padrões Compose Multiplatform

Padrões para construir UI compartilhada entre Android, iOS, Desktop e Web usando Compose Multiplatform e Jetpack Compose. Abrange gerenciamento de estado, navegação, temas e performance.

Quando Ativar

  • Construindo UI com Compose (Jetpack Compose ou Compose Multiplatform)
  • Gerenciando estado da UI com ViewModels e estado do Compose
  • Implementando navegação em projetos KMP ou Android
  • Projetando composables reutilizáveis e sistemas de design
  • Otimizando recomposição e performance de renderização

Gerenciamento de Estado

ViewModel + Objeto de Estado Único

Use uma única classe de dados para o estado da tela. Exponha-a como StateFlow e colete no Compose:

data class ItemListState(
    val items: List<Item> = emptyList(),
    val isLoading: Boolean = false,
    val error: String? = null,
    val searchQuery: String = ""
)

class ItemListViewModel(
    private val getItems: GetItemsUseCase
) : ViewModel() {
    private val _state = MutableStateFlow(ItemListState())
    val state: StateFlow<ItemListState> = _state.asStateFlow()

    fun onSearch(query: String) {
        _state.update { it.copy(searchQuery = query) }
        loadItems(query)
    }

    private fun loadItems(query: String) {
        viewModelScope.launch {
            _state.update { it.copy(isLoading = true) }
            getItems(query).fold(
                onSuccess = { items -> _state.update { it.copy(items = items, isLoading = false) } },
                onFailure = { e -> _state.update { it.copy(error = e.message, isLoading = false) } }
            )
        }
    }
}

Coletando Estado no Compose

@Composable
fun ItemListScreen(viewModel: ItemListViewModel = koinViewModel()) {
    val state by viewModel.state.collectAsStateWithLifecycle()

    ItemListContent(
        state = state,
        onSearch = viewModel::onSearch
    )
}

@Composable
private fun ItemListContent(
    state: ItemListState,
    onSearch: (String) -> Unit
) {
    // Composable sem estado — fácil de visualizar e testar
}

Padrão de Sink de Eventos

Para telas complexas, use uma interface selada para eventos em vez de múltiplos lambdas de retorno:

sealed interface ItemListEvent {
    data class Search(val query: String) : ItemListEvent
    data class Delete(val itemId: String) : ItemListEvent
    data object Refresh : ItemListEvent
}

// No ViewModel
fun onEvent(event: ItemListEvent) {
    when (event) {
        is ItemListEvent.Search -> onSearch(event.query)
        is ItemListEvent.Delete -> deleteItem(event.itemId)
        is ItemListEvent.Refresh -> loadItems(_state.value.searchQuery)
    }
}

// No Composable — um único lambda em vez de muitos
ItemListContent(
    state = state,
    onEvent = viewModel::onEvent
)

Navegação

Navegação Type-Safe (Compose Navigation 2.8+)

Defina rotas como objetos @Serializable:

@Serializable data object HomeRoute
@Serializable data class DetailRoute(val id: String)
@Serializable data object SettingsRoute

@Composable
fun AppNavHost(navController: NavHostController = rememberNavController()) {
    NavHost(navController, startDestination = HomeRoute) {
        composable<HomeRoute> {
            HomeScreen(onNavigateToDetail = { id -> navController.navigate(DetailRoute(id)) })
        }
        composable<DetailRoute> { backStackEntry ->
            val route = backStackEntry.toRoute<DetailRoute>()
            DetailScreen(id = route.id)
        }
        composable<SettingsRoute> { SettingsScreen() }
    }
}

Navegação com Diálogos e Bottom Sheets

Use padrões dialog() e overlay em vez de show/hide imperativos:

NavHost(navController, startDestination = HomeRoute) {
    composable<HomeRoute> { /* ... */ }
    dialog<ConfirmDeleteRoute> { backStackEntry ->
        val route = backStackEntry.toRoute<ConfirmDeleteRoute>()
        ConfirmDeleteDialog(
            itemId = route.itemId,
            onConfirm = { navController.popBackStack() },
            onDismiss = { navController.popBackStack() }
        )
    }
}

Design de Composables

APIs Baseadas em Slots

Projete composables com parâmetros de slot para flexibilidade:

@Composable
fun AppCard(
    modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
    header: @Composable () -> Unit = {},
    content: @Composable ColumnScope.() -> Unit,
    actions: @Composable RowScope.() -> Unit = {}
) {
    Card(modifier = modifier) {
        Column {
            header()
            Column(content = content)
            Row(horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.End, content = actions)
        }
    }
}

Ordenação de Modifiers

A ordem dos modifiers importa — aplique nesta sequência:

Text(
    text = "Olá",
    modifier = Modifier
        .padding(16.dp)          // 1. Layout (padding, size)
        .clip(RoundedCornerShape(8.dp))  // 2. Forma
        .background(Color.White) // 3. Desenho (background, border)
        .clickable { }           // 4. Interação
)

UI Específica de Plataforma em KMP

expect/actual para Composables de Plataforma

// commonMain
@Composable
expect fun PlatformStatusBar(darkIcons: Boolean)

// androidMain
@Composable
actual fun PlatformStatusBar(darkIcons: Boolean) {
    val systemUiController = rememberSystemUiController()
    SideEffect { systemUiController.setStatusBarColor(Color.Transparent, darkIcons) }
}

// iosMain
@Composable
actual fun PlatformStatusBar(darkIcons: Boolean) {
    // iOS lida com isso via UIKit interop ou Info.plist
}

Performance

Tipos Estáveis para Recomposição Ignorável

Marque classes como @Stable ou @Immutable quando todas as propriedades são estáveis:

@Immutable
data class ItemUiModel(
    val id: String,
    val title: String,
    val description: String,
    val progress: Float
)

Use key() e Listas Lazy Corretamente

LazyColumn {
    items(
        items = items,
        key = { it.id }  // Chaves estáveis permitem reutilização de itens e animações
    ) { item ->
        ItemRow(item = item)
    }
}

Adiar Leituras com derivedStateOf

val listState = rememberLazyListState()
val showScrollToTop by remember {
    derivedStateOf { listState.firstVisibleItemIndex > 5 }
}

Evite Alocações Durante Recomposição

// RUIM — novo lambda e lista a cada recomposição
items.filter { it.isActive }.forEach { ActiveItem(it, onClick = { handle(it) }) }

// BOM — chaveie cada item para que os callbacks permaneçam vinculados à linha correta
val activeItems = remember(items) { items.filter { it.isActive } }
activeItems.forEach { item ->
    key(item.id) {
        ActiveItem(item, onClick = { handle(item) })
    }
}

Temas

Temas Dinâmicos com Material 3

@Composable
fun AppTheme(
    darkTheme: Boolean = isSystemInDarkTheme(),
    dynamicColor: Boolean = true,
    content: @Composable () -> Unit
) {
    val colorScheme = when {
        dynamicColor && Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.S -> {
            if (darkTheme) dynamicDarkColorScheme(LocalContext.current)
            else dynamicLightColorScheme(LocalContext.current)
        }
        darkTheme -> darkColorScheme()
        else -> lightColorScheme()
    }

    MaterialTheme(colorScheme = colorScheme, content = content)
}

Antipadrões a Evitar

  • Usar mutableStateOf em ViewModels quando MutableStateFlow com collectAsStateWithLifecycle é mais seguro para o ciclo de vida
  • Passar NavController profundamente em composables — passe lambdas de retorno
  • Computações pesadas dentro de funções @Composable — mova para o ViewModel ou remember {}
  • Usar LaunchedEffect(Unit) como substituto para inicialização do ViewModel — ele reexecuta em mudanças de configuração em alguns cenários
  • Criar novas instâncias de objetos em parâmetros de composable — causa recomposição desnecessária

Referências

Veja skill: android-clean-architecture para estrutura de módulos e camadas. Veja skill: kotlin-coroutines-flows para padrões de coroutines e Flow.

Individual skills in this repo

This repo contains 20 individual skills — each has its own dedicated page.

accessibility

Design, implement, and audit inclusive digital products using WCAG 2.2 Level AA. Use when building or auditing UI that must meet WCAG 2.2 Level AA, or when reviewing a change for keyboard, contrast, or screen-reader support.

affaan-m/claude-api

Anthropic Claude API patterns for Python and TypeScript. Covers Messages API, streaming, tool use, vision, extended thinking, batches, prompt caching, and Claude Agent SDK. Use when building applications with the Claude API or Anthropic SDKs.

affaan-m/everything-claude-code

End-to-end marketing campaign planning and execution. Covers audience research, positioning, campaign angle definition, landing page copy, email sequences, social posts, ad copy, short-form video scripts, and content calendars. Use as the orchestration layer for multi-channel product launches. Use when planning or executing a multi-channel product launch, or producing landing page, email, social, or ad copy.

affaan-m/everything-claude-code

Development conventions and patterns for everything-claude-code. JavaScript project with conventional commits.

affaan-m/everything-claude-code-conventions

Development conventions and patterns for everything-claude-code. JavaScript project with conventional commits.

affaan-m/frontend-design

Create distinctive, production-grade frontend interfaces with high design quality. Use when the user asks to build web components, pages, or applications and the visual direction matters as much as the code quality.

affaan-m/gget

gget CLI and Python workflow for quick genomic database queries, sequence lookup, BLAST-style searches, enrichment checks, and reproducible bioinformatics evidence logs.

affaan-m/literature-review

Systematic literature-review workflow for academic, biomedical, technical, and scientific topics, including search planning, source screening, synthesis, citation checks, and evidence logging.

affaan-m/motion-ui

Production-ready UI motion system for React/Next.js. Use when implementing animations, transitions, or motion patterns.

affaan-m/project-guidelines-example

Example project-specific skill template based on a real production application.

affaan-m/pubmed-database

Direct PubMed and NCBI E-utilities search workflows for biomedical literature, MeSH queries, PMID lookup, citation retrieval, and API-backed literature monitoring.

affaan-m/scholar-evaluation

Structured scholarly-work evaluation for papers, proposals, literature reviews, methods sections, evidence quality, citation support, and research-writing feedback.

affaan-m/uspto-database

USPTO patent and trademark data workflow for official record lookup, PatentSearch queries, TSDR checks, assignment data, and reproducible IP research logs.

agent-architecture-audit

Full-stack diagnostic for agent and LLM applications. Audits the 12-layer agent stack for wrapper regression, memory pollution, tool discipline failures, hidden repair loops, and rendering corruption. Produces severity-ranked findings with code-first fixes. Essential for developers building agent applications, autonomous loops, or any LLM-powered feature. Use when an agent or LLM feature misbehaves and the failing layer is unknown, or before shipping an agent stack.

agent-eval

Head-to-head comparison of coding agents (Claude Code, Aider, Codex, etc.) on custom tasks with pass rate, cost, time, and consistency metrics. Use when choosing between coding agents, or when a change to an agent setup needs measured pass rate, cost, and time rather than an impression.

agent-harness-construction

Design and optimize AI agent action spaces, tool definitions, and observation formatting for higher completion rates. Use when defining or revising an agent

agentic-engineering

Operate as an agentic engineer using eval-first execution, decomposition, and cost-aware model routing. Use when planning or executing engineering work that agents will carry out end to end.

agentic-os

Build persistent multi-agent operating systems on Claude Code. Covers kernel architecture, specialist agents, slash commands, file-based memory, scheduled automation, and state management without external databases. Use when building a persistent multi-agent system on Claude Code with its own memory, commands, and scheduling.

agent-introspection-debugging

Structured self-debugging workflow for AI agent failures using capture, diagnosis, contained recovery, and introspection reports. Use when an agent run fails and you need a reproducible diagnosis instead of a retry.

agent-payment-x402

Add x402 payment execution to AI agents with per-task budgets, spending controls, and non-custodial wallets. Supports Base through agentwallet-sdk and X Layer through OKX Payments / OKX Agent Payments Protocol. Use when an agent must pay for something itself and needs per-task budgets, spending controls, and a non-custodial wallet.

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