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EVM 代幣小數位數

防止在 EVM 鏈上因小數位數不匹配而導致的靜默錯誤。涵蓋運行時小數位數查詢、鏈感知快取、跨鏈代幣精度漂移,以及為機器人、儀表板和 DeFi 工具提供的安全標準化處理。

EVM 代幣小數位數 是什麼?

此技能旨在解決 EVM 區塊鏈開發中一個常見但容易被忽視的問題:代幣小數位數不匹配。許多開發者會硬編碼小數位數(例如假設 USDC 為 6 位),但同一種代幣在不同鏈上可能有不同的小數位數,這可能導致餘額或價格計算出現數量級的錯誤。此技能提供了一套最佳實踐,包括在運行時動態查詢 `decimals()`、根據鏈 ID 和代幣地址進行快取、以及使用精確的 Decimal 或 BigInt 數學運算來避免浮點數精度問題。它支援 Python(Web3.py)、TypeScript(ethers)和 Solidity 等多種開發環境,並在運行時查詢失敗時提供了優雅的降級方案。通過遵循這些規則,開發者可以構建更可靠的跨鏈錢包、機器人、聚合器和儀表板,避免代幣小數位數不一致導致的靜默錯誤。

相容平台~Claude Code~Codex CLI~Cursor
npx skills add https://github.com/affaan-m/everything-claude-code/tree/main/skills/evm-token-decimals

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開啟一個已預先載入此 Agent Skill 的新對話。

說明文件

EVM 代幣小數位數 是做什麼的?

靜默的小數位數不匹配是導致餘額或美元價值出現數量級錯誤而不拋出錯誤的最容易的方式之一。

何時使用

  • 在 Python、TypeScript 或 Solidity 中讀取 ERC-20 餘額
  • 根據鏈上餘額計算法定價值
  • 跨多個 EVM 鏈比較代幣數量
  • 處理跨鏈資產
  • 構建投資組合追踪器、機器人或聚合器

運作方式

永遠不要假設穩定幣在各處使用相同的小數位數。在運行時查詢 decimals(),按 (chain_id, token_address) 進行快取,並在數值計算中使用小數安全的數學運算。

範例

在運行時查詢小數位數

from decimal import Decimal
from web3 import Web3

ERC20_ABI = [
    {"name": "decimals", "type": "function", "inputs": [],
     "outputs": [{"type": "uint8"}], "stateMutability": "view"},
    {"name": "balanceOf", "type": "function",
     "inputs": [{"name": "account", "type": "address"}],
     "outputs": [{"type": "uint256"}], "stateMutability": "view"},
]

def get_token_balance(w3: Web3, token_address: str, wallet: str) -> Decimal:
    contract = w3.eth.contract(
        address=Web3.to_checksum_address(token_address),
        abi=ERC20_ABI,
    )
    decimals = contract.functions.decimals().call()
    raw = contract.functions.balanceOf(Web3.to_checksum_address(wallet)).call()
    return Decimal(raw) / Decimal(10 ** decimals)

不要因為某個符號在其他地方通常有 6 位小數就硬編碼 1_000_000。

按鏈和代幣進行快取

from functools import lru_cache

@lru_cache(maxsize=512)
def get_decimals(chain_id: int, token_address: str) -> int:
    w3 = get_web3_for_chain(chain_id)
    contract = w3.eth.contract(
        address=Web3.to_checksum_address(token_address),
        abi=ERC20_ABI,
    )
    return contract.functions.decimals().call()

防禦性地處理異常代幣

try:
    decimals = contract.functions.decimals().call()
except Exception:
    logging.warning(
        "decimals() 在 %s (鏈 %s) 上回滾,預設為 18",
        token_address,
        chain_id,
    )
    decimals = 18

記錄此回退並保持其可見。舊的或非標準的代幣仍然存在。

在 Solidity 中標準化為 18 位小數的 WAD

interface IERC20Metadata {
    function decimals() external view returns (uint8);
}

function normalizeToWad(address token, uint256 amount) internal view returns (uint256) {
    uint8 d = IERC20Metadata(token).decimals();
    if (d == 18) return amount;
    if (d < 18) return amount * 10 ** (18 - d);
    return amount / 10 ** (d - 18);
}

使用 ethers 的 TypeScript

import { Contract, formatUnits } from 'ethers';

const ERC20_ABI = [
  'function decimals() view returns (uint8)',
  'function balanceOf(address) view returns (uint256)',
];

async function getBalance(provider: any, tokenAddress: string, wallet: string): Promise<string> {
  const token = new Contract(tokenAddress, ERC20_ABI, provider);
  const [decimals, raw] = await Promise.all([
    token.decimals(),
    token.balanceOf(wallet),
  ]);
  return formatUnits(raw, decimals);
}

在鏈上快速檢查

cast call <token_address> "decimals()(uint8)" --rpc-url <rpc>

規則

  • 始終在運行時查詢 decimals()
  • 按鏈加上代幣地址(而非符號)進行快取
  • 使用 Decimal、BigInt 或等效的精確數學運算,避免使用浮點數
  • 在跨鏈或包裝器變更後重新查詢小數位數
  • 在比較或定價前,一致地標準化內部會計

Individual skills in this repo

This repo contains 20 individual skills — each has its own dedicated page.

accessibility

Design, implement, and audit inclusive digital products using WCAG 2.2 Level AA. Use when building or auditing UI that must meet WCAG 2.2 Level AA, or when reviewing a change for keyboard, contrast, or screen-reader support.

affaan-m/claude-api

Anthropic Claude API patterns for Python and TypeScript. Covers Messages API, streaming, tool use, vision, extended thinking, batches, prompt caching, and Claude Agent SDK. Use when building applications with the Claude API or Anthropic SDKs.

affaan-m/everything-claude-code

End-to-end marketing campaign planning and execution. Covers audience research, positioning, campaign angle definition, landing page copy, email sequences, social posts, ad copy, short-form video scripts, and content calendars. Use as the orchestration layer for multi-channel product launches. Use when planning or executing a multi-channel product launch, or producing landing page, email, social, or ad copy.

affaan-m/everything-claude-code

Development conventions and patterns for everything-claude-code. JavaScript project with conventional commits.

affaan-m/everything-claude-code-conventions

Development conventions and patterns for everything-claude-code. JavaScript project with conventional commits.

affaan-m/frontend-design

Create distinctive, production-grade frontend interfaces with high design quality. Use when the user asks to build web components, pages, or applications and the visual direction matters as much as the code quality.

affaan-m/gget

gget CLI and Python workflow for quick genomic database queries, sequence lookup, BLAST-style searches, enrichment checks, and reproducible bioinformatics evidence logs.

affaan-m/literature-review

Systematic literature-review workflow for academic, biomedical, technical, and scientific topics, including search planning, source screening, synthesis, citation checks, and evidence logging.

affaan-m/motion-ui

Production-ready UI motion system for React/Next.js. Use when implementing animations, transitions, or motion patterns.

affaan-m/project-guidelines-example

Example project-specific skill template based on a real production application.

affaan-m/pubmed-database

Direct PubMed and NCBI E-utilities search workflows for biomedical literature, MeSH queries, PMID lookup, citation retrieval, and API-backed literature monitoring.

affaan-m/scholar-evaluation

Structured scholarly-work evaluation for papers, proposals, literature reviews, methods sections, evidence quality, citation support, and research-writing feedback.

affaan-m/uspto-database

USPTO patent and trademark data workflow for official record lookup, PatentSearch queries, TSDR checks, assignment data, and reproducible IP research logs.

agent-architecture-audit

Full-stack diagnostic for agent and LLM applications. Audits the 12-layer agent stack for wrapper regression, memory pollution, tool discipline failures, hidden repair loops, and rendering corruption. Produces severity-ranked findings with code-first fixes. Essential for developers building agent applications, autonomous loops, or any LLM-powered feature. Use when an agent or LLM feature misbehaves and the failing layer is unknown, or before shipping an agent stack.

agent-eval

Head-to-head comparison of coding agents (Claude Code, Aider, Codex, etc.) on custom tasks with pass rate, cost, time, and consistency metrics. Use when choosing between coding agents, or when a change to an agent setup needs measured pass rate, cost, and time rather than an impression.

agent-harness-construction

Design and optimize AI agent action spaces, tool definitions, and observation formatting for higher completion rates. Use when defining or revising an agent

agentic-engineering

Operate as an agentic engineer using eval-first execution, decomposition, and cost-aware model routing. Use when planning or executing engineering work that agents will carry out end to end.

agentic-os

Build persistent multi-agent operating systems on Claude Code. Covers kernel architecture, specialist agents, slash commands, file-based memory, scheduled automation, and state management without external databases. Use when building a persistent multi-agent system on Claude Code with its own memory, commands, and scheduling.

agent-introspection-debugging

Structured self-debugging workflow for AI agent failures using capture, diagnosis, contained recovery, and introspection reports. Use when an agent run fails and you need a reproducible diagnosis instead of a retry.

agent-payment-x402

Add x402 payment execution to AI agents with per-task budgets, spending controls, and non-custodial wallets. Supports Base through agentwallet-sdk and X Layer through OKX Payments / OKX Agent Payments Protocol. Use when an agent must pay for something itself and needs per-task budgets, spending controls, and a non-custodial wallet.

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