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samber/golang-project-layout

Goプロジェクトのレイアウトとワークスペース設定に関するガイドを提供します。新しいGoプロジェクトの開始、既存のコードベースの整理、マルチパッケージのモノレポ構築、複数のmainパッケージを持つCLIツールの作成、cmd/internal/pkgディレクトリ構成の検討、パッケージの再構成や分割について議論する際に使用します。

golang-project-layout とは?

このスキルは、Go言語におけるプロジェクトレイアウトとワークスペース設定に関する包括的なガイドを提供します。標準的なディレクトリ構成(cmd、internal、pkg)の使い分けから、モノレポ管理、複数のmainパッケージを含むCLIツールの構造化まで、実践的なアドバイスを提供します。主にClaude CodeやCursorなどのAIエージェントと連携する設計で、新しいGoプロジェクトの立ち上げ時や既存コードベースのリファクタリング時に役立ちます。Go Modulesとワークスペース機能を活用した効率的なプロジェクト分割方法の説明や、チーム内でのコード共有を容易にするベストプラクティスを詳述します。SKILL.mdに基づき、プロジェクト構造の決定に迷った際の判断基準や、段階的な移行手順を提示することで、開発者が自信を持ってプロジェクト設計を行えるよう支援します。

対応~Claude Code~Codex CLI~Cursor
npx skills add https://github.com/samber/cc-skills-golang/tree/main/skills/golang-project-layout

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ドキュメント

golang-project-layout は何をしますか?

Goプロジェクトのレイアウトとワークスペース設定に関するガイドを提供します。新しいGoプロジェクトの開始、既存のコードベースの整理、マルチパッケージのモノレポ構築、複数のmainパッケージを持つCLIツールの作成、cmd/internal/pkgディレクトリ構成の検討、パッケージの再構成や分割について議論する際に使用します。

主なユースケース

  • 新しいGoプロジェクトの開始: 標準的なディレクトリ構成を選び、スケーラブルな基盤を構築します。
  • 既存コードベースの整理: 命名規則や構造を統一し、メンテナンス性を向上させます。
  • モノレポのセットアップ: 複数のパッケージやサービスを単一リポジトリで管理します。
  • CLIツールの作成: 複数のエントリポイント(mainパッケージ)を効率的に配置します。
  • ディレクトリ構成の選択: cmd、internal、pkgの適切な使い分けを判断します。
  • パッケージ分割の検討: モジュールやパッケージの分割戦略を評価します。

推奨ディレクトリ構成

project-root/
├── cmd/                 # アプリケーションのエントリポイント
│   ├── app1/            # 実行可能なmainパッケージ
│   │   └── main.go
│   └── app2/
│       └── main.go
├── internal/            # 非公開パッケージ(外部インポート不可)
│   ├── handler/
│   └── service/
├── pkg/                 # 公開パッケージ(外部利用可)
├── api/                 # API定義(Protocol Buffers、OpenAPI等)
├── configs/             # 設定ファイル
├── scripts/             # ビルドスクリプト
├── test/                # テストデータやヘルパー
├── go.mod
└── go.sum

ベストプラクティス

  1. cmd/ ディレクトリ

    • 各サブディレクトリは独立した main パッケージとする。
    • ビジネスロジックは internal/ に配置し、cmd/ は薄く保つ。
  2. internal/ ディレクトリ

    • Goコンパイラにより、外部パッケージからのインポートが制限される。
    • プロジェクト内部でのみ利用するコードを格納する。
  3. pkg/ ディレクトリ

    • 外部のGoプロジェクトからもインポート可能な公開パッケージを配置する。
    • 明確なAPI設計が必要。
  4. モノレポ構成

    • ワークスペース機能(go.work)を活用して複数モジュールを管理する。
    • 共通ライブラリは lib/ または pkg/ にまとめる。

ワークスペース設定例

# go.work
go 1.22

use (
    ./cmd/app1
    ./cmd/app2
    ./pkg/lib
)

CLIツールの構造

複数の main パッケージを持つCLIツールでは、以下のように整理します:

cli-tool/
├── cmd/
│   ├── cli1/
│   │   └── main.go
│   └── cli2/
│       └── main.go
├── internal/
│   ├── commands/
│   ├── config/
│   └── utils/
├── pkg/
│   └── shared/
├── go.mod
└── go.sum

パッケージ分割の判断基準

  • 単一責任の原則: パッケージは1つの概念を担当する。
  • 循環依存の回避: 依存関係が循環しないよう設計する。
  • テスト容易性: 小さなパッケージほどテストが書きやすい。
  • 再利用性: 共通機能は pkg/ に分離する。

参考リンク

Individual skills in this repo

This repo contains 20 individual skills — each has its own dedicated page.

samber/golang-benchmark

Golang benchmarking, profiling, and performance measurement. Use when writing, running, or comparing Go benchmarks, profiling hot paths with pprof, interpreting CPU/memory/trace profiles, analyzing results with benchstat, setting up CI benchmark regression detection, or investigating production performance with Prometheus runtime metrics. Also use when the developer needs deep analysis on a specific performance indicator - this skill provides the measurement methodology, while `samber/cc-skills-golang@golang-performance` provides the optimization patterns.

samber/golang-cli

Golang CLI application development. Use when building, modifying, or reviewing a Go CLI tool — especially for command structure, flag handling, configuration layering, version embedding, exit codes, I/O patterns, signal handling, shell completion, argument validation, and CLI unit testing. Also triggers when code uses cobra, viper, or urfave/cli. For cobra-specific APIs → See `samber/cc-skills-golang@golang-spf13-cobra` skill; for viper configuration layering → See `samber/cc-skills-golang@golang-spf13-viper` skill.

samber/golang-code-style

Golang code style conventions — line length and breaking, variable declarations, control flow clarity, when comments help vs hurt. Use when writing or reviewing Go code, asking about style or clarity, or establishing project coding standards. Not for naming conventions (→ See `samber/cc-skills-golang@golang-naming` skill), linter configuration (→ See `samber/cc-skills-golang@golang-lint` skill), or doc comments (→ See `samber/cc-skills-golang@golang-documentation` skill).

samber/golang-concurrency

Golang concurrency patterns. Use when writing or reviewing concurrent Go code involving goroutines, channels, select, locks, sync primitives, errgroup, singleflight, worker pools, or fan-out/fan-in pipelines. Also triggers when you detect goroutine leaks, race conditions, channel ownership issues, or need to choose between channels and mutexes.

samber/golang-context

Idiomatic context.Context usage in Golang — propagation through API boundaries, cancellation, timeouts and deadlines, request-scoped values, context.WithoutCancel for background work outliving requests. Apply when designing context propagation across layers, debugging leaked or unexpired contexts, choosing between context.Background/TODO/WithoutCancel, or storing values in context. Not for code that merely accepts ctx as first parameter.

samber/golang-continuous-integration

CI/CD pipeline configuration using GitHub Actions for Golang projects — testing, linting, SAST, security scanning, code coverage, Dependabot, Renovate, GoReleaser, code review automation, and release pipelines. Use when setting up or improving Go project CI, configuring GitHub Actions workflows, adding linters or security scanners, automating dependency updates, or adding quality gates.

samber/golang-database

Comprehensive guide for Go database access — parameterized queries, struct scanning, NULLable columns, transactions, isolation levels, SELECT FOR UPDATE, connection pool, batch processing, context propagation, and migration tooling. Use when writing, reviewing, or debugging Golang code that interacts with PostgreSQL, MariaDB, MySQL, or SQLite; for database testing; or for questions about database/sql, sqlx, or pgx. Does NOT generate database schemas or migration SQL.

samber/golang-data-structures

Golang data structures — slices (internals, capacity growth, preallocation, slices package), maps (internals, hash buckets, maps package), arrays, container/list/heap/ring, strings.Builder vs bytes.Buffer, generic collections, pointers (unsafe.Pointer, weak.Pointer), and copy semantics. Use when choosing or optimizing Go data structures, implementing generic containers, using container/ packages, unsafe or weak pointers, or questioning slice/map internals.

samber/golang-dependency-injection

Comprehensive guide for dependency injection (DI) in Golang. Covers why DI matters (testability, loose coupling, separation of concerns, lifecycle management), manual constructor injection, and DI library comparison (google/wire, uber-go/dig, uber-go/fx, samber/do). Use this skill when designing service architecture, setting up dependency injection, refactoring tightly coupled code, managing singletons or service factories, or when the user asks about inversion of control, service containers, or wiring dependencies in Go. For a specific DI library, → See `samber/cc-skills-golang@golang-google-wire`, `samber/cc-skills-golang@golang-uber-dig`, `samber/cc-skills-golang@golang-uber-fx`, or `samber/cc-skills-golang@golang-samber-do` skills.

samber/golang-dependency-management

Dependency management strategies for Golang projects — go.mod management, installing/upgrading packages, Minimal Version Selection, vulnerability scanning, outdated dependency tracking, binary size analysis, Dependabot/Renovate setup, conflict resolution, and go.work workspaces. Use when adding, removing, or upgrading Go dependencies, auditing vulnerabilities, resolving version conflicts, or setting up automated dependency updates.

samber/golang-design-patterns

Idiomatic Golang design patterns — functional options, constructors, error flow and cascading, resource management and lifecycle, graceful shutdown, resilience, architecture, dependency injection, data handling, streaming, and more. Apply when explicitly choosing between architectural patterns, implementing functional options, designing constructor APIs, setting up graceful shutdown, applying resilience patterns, or asking which idiomatic Go pattern fits a specific problem.

samber/golang-documentation

Comprehensive documentation guide for Golang projects, covering godoc comments, README, CONTRIBUTING, CHANGELOG, Go Playground, Example tests, API docs, and llms.txt. Use when writing or reviewing doc comments, documentation, adding code examples, setting up doc sites, or discussing documentation best practices. Triggers for both libraries and applications/CLIs.

samber/golang-error-handling

Idiomatic Golang error handling — creation, wrapping with %w, errors.Is/As, errors.Join, custom error types, sentinel errors, panic/recover, the single handling rule, structured logging with slog, HTTP request logging middleware, and samber/oops for production errors. Built to make logs usable at scale with log aggregation 3rd-party tools. Apply when creating, wrapping, inspecting, or logging errors in Go code. For samber/oops specifics → See `samber/cc-skills-golang@golang-samber-oops` skill; for slog handler ecosystem → See `samber/cc-skills-golang@golang-samber-slog` skill.

samber/golang-google-wire

Compile-time dependency injection in Golang using google/wire — wire.NewSet, wire.Build, wire.Bind (interface→concrete), wire.Struct, wire.Value, wire.InterfaceValue, wire.FieldsOf, cleanup functions, //go:build wireinject injector files, and generated wire_gen.go. Apply when using or adopting google/wire, when the codebase imports `github.com/google/wire`, or when wiring an application graph at compile time via `wire.Build`. For runtime DI with reflection, see `samber/cc-skills-golang@golang-uber-dig` skill.

samber/golang-gopls

Golang semantic code intelligence via `gopls`, the official Go language server — go-to-definition, find references, call/implementation hierarchy, workspace symbol search, package API discovery, diagnostics, safe rename, refactors (extract/inline/fill/rewrite code actions), formatting, and generated tests. Reaches an agent via gopls's own MCP server (`go_*` tools), Claude Code's native `LSP` tool, or the `gopls` CLI. Use when navigating or refactoring Go code — jumping to a definition, finding call sites before a rename, understanding a file's or package's dependencies, running diagnostics after an edit, or extracting/inlining/renaming. Not for the published ecosystem — packages not in your `go.mod`, versions, licenses, importers — → See `samber/cc-skills-golang@golang-pkg-go-dev` skill (`godig`). Not for a whole-tree vulnerability audit → See `samber/cc-skills-golang@golang-security` skill (`govulncheck`).

samber/golang-graphql

Implements GraphQL APIs in Golang using gqlgen or graphql-go. Apply when building GraphQL servers, designing schemas, writing resolvers, handling subscriptions, or integrating GraphQL with existing Go HTTP services. Also apply when the codebase imports `github.com/99designs/gqlgen` or `github.com/graph-gophers/graphql-go`.

samber/golang-grpc

Provides gRPC usage guidelines, protobuf organization, and production-ready patterns for Golang microservices. Use when implementing, reviewing, or debugging gRPC servers/clients, writing proto files, setting up interceptors, handling gRPC errors with status codes, configuring TLS/mTLS, testing with bufconn, or working with streaming RPCs.

samber/golang-how-to

Golang skills orchestrator — always active on any Golang coding, review, debug, or setup task. Reads the task context and loads the most relevant skills from samber/cc-skills-golang, often multiple at once: writing a gRPC service loads golang-grpc + golang-testing + golang-error-handling; debugging a panic loads golang-troubleshooting + golang-safety; auditing security loads golang-security + golang-lint + golang-safety. Also: disambiguates competing clusters when two skills seem to overlap (performance vs benchmark vs troubleshooting, samber/lo vs mo vs ro, DI cluster, safety vs security), and configures the project's agent-config file (CLAUDE.md, AGENTS.md, GEMINI.md, Cursor rules, or Copilot instructions) to force-trigger skills in a project (/golang-how-to configure).

samber/golang-lint

Linting best practices and golangci-lint configuration for Golang projects — running linters, configuring .golangci.yml, suppressing warnings with nolint directives, interpreting lint output, and selecting linters. Use when configuring golangci-lint, asking about lint warnings or nolint suppressions, setting up code quality tooling, or choosing linters. Also use when the user mentions golangci-lint, go vet, staticcheck, or revive.

samber/golang-modernize

Modernize Golang code to use recent language features, standard library improvements, and idiomatic patterns. Trigger proactively when writing or reviewing Go code and old-style patterns are detected, or when encountering a deprecation warning. Also use when the user explicitly asks for modernization, a Go version upgrade, or a CI/tooling refresh.

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