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GeoMaster

GIS, 원격 탐사, 공간 분석 및 지구 관측을 위한 머신러닝을 아우르는 종합적인 지리공간 과학 기술입니다. 70개 이상의 주제와 8가지 프로그래밍 언어로 제공되는 500개 이상의 코드 예제를 포함합니다.

GeoMaster란 무엇인가요?

GeoMaster는 지리공간 과학 분야의 다양한 작업을 처리하기 위한 포괄적인 AI 에이전트 기술입니다. 원격 탐사, GIS 분석, 공간 통계, 포인트 클라우드 처리, 네트워크 분석부터 STAC(Spatiotemporal Asset Catalog), COG(Cloud-Optimized GeoTIFF), Planetary Computer와 같은 클라우드 네이티브 워크플로까지 폭넓게 다룹니다. 특히 Sentinel, Landsat, MODIS, SAR, 초분광 영상 등 위성 이미지 처리와 공간 머신러닝(랜덤 포레스트, 딥러닝, CNN)에 강점을 가지며, 8개 프로그래밍 언어(Python, R, Julia, JavaScript, C++, Java, Go, Rust)를 지원합니다. 이 기술은 Python, Conda, uv 패키지 관리자를 기반으로 설치 및 사용되며, GDAL, Rasterio, GeoPandas, Xarray, PyTorch, Scikit-learn 등 핵심 라이브러리와 연동됩니다. GitHub Copilot, Cursor, Claude Code 등 다양한 AI 코딩 도구와 호환되며, 좌표계 변환, 공간 결합, 지형 분석, 분광 지수 계산, 이미지 분류 등 500개 이상의 실용적인 코드 예제를 제공하여 개발자와 연구자의 지리공간 워크플로를 가속화합니다.

지원 대상~Claude Code~Codex CLI~Cursor
npx skills add https://github.com/K-Dense-AI/scientific-agent-skills/tree/main/skills/geomaster

즐겨 사용하는 AI에게 물어보기

이 에이전트 스킬이 미리 로드된 새 채팅을 엽니다.

문서

GeoMaster은(는) 무엇을 하나요?

GIS, 원격 탐사, 공간 분석 및 지구 관측을 위한 머신러닝을 아우르는 종합적인 지리공간 과학 기술입니다. 70개 이상의 주제와 8가지 프로그래밍 언어로 제공되는 500개 이상의 코드 예제를 포함합니다.

설치

# 핵심 Python 스택 (conda 권장)
conda install -c conda-forge gdal rasterio fiona shapely pyproj geopandas

# 원격 탐사 및 머신러닝 (rsgislib는 conda-forge에만 있으며, PyPI에는 없음)
conda install -c conda-forge rsgislib
uv pip install torchgeo earthengine-api
uv pip install scikit-learn xgboost torch-geometric

# 네트워크 및 시각화
uv pip install osmnx networkx folium keplergl
uv pip install cartopy contextily mapclassify

# 빅데이터 및 클라우드
uv pip install xarray rioxarray dask-geopandas
uv pip install pystac-client planetary-computer

# 포인트 클라우드
uv pip install laspy pylas open3d pdal

# 데이터베이스
conda install -c conda-forge postgis spatialite

빠른 시작

Sentinel-2로 NDVI 계산

import rasterio
import numpy as np

with rasterio.open('sentinel2.tif') as src:
    red = src.read(4).astype(float)   # B04
    nir = src.read(8).astype(float)   # B08
    ndvi = (nir - red) / (nir + red + 1e-8)
    ndvi = np.nan_to_num(ndvi, nan=0)

    profile = src.profile
    profile.update(count=1, dtype=rasterio.float32)

    with rasterio.open('ndvi.tif', 'w', **profile) as dst:
        dst.write(ndvi.astype(rasterio.float32), 1)

GeoPandas를 이용한 공간 분석

import geopandas as gpd

# 데이터 로드 및 동일 CRS 확인
zones = gpd.read_file('zones.geojson')
points = gpd.read_file('points.geojson')

if zones.crs != points.crs:
    points = points.to_crs(zones.crs)

# 공간 결합 및 통계
joined = gpd.sjoin(points, zones, how='inner', predicate='within')
stats = joined.groupby('zone_id').agg({
    'value': ['count', 'mean', 'std', 'min', 'max']
}).round(2)

Google Earth Engine 시계열 분석

import ee
import pandas as pd

ee.Initialize(project='your-project')
roi = ee.Geometry.Point([-122.4, 37.7]).buffer(10000)

s2 = (ee.ImageCollection('COPERNICUS/S2_SR_HARMONIZED')
      .filterBounds(roi)
      .filterDate('2020-01-01', '2023-12-31')
      .filter(ee.Filter.lt('CLOUDY_PIXEL_PERCENTAGE', 20)))

def add_ndvi(img):
    return img.addBands(img.normalizedDifference(['B8', 'B4']).rename('NDVI'))

s2_ndvi = s2.map(add_ndvi)

def extract_series(image):
    stats = image.reduceRegion(ee.Reducer.mean(), roi.centroid(), scale=10, maxPixels=1e9)
    return ee.Feature(None, {'date': image.date().format('YYYY-MM-dd'), 'ndvi': stats.get('NDVI')})

series = s2_ndvi.map(extract_series).getInfo()
df = pd.DataFrame([f['properties'] for f in series['features']])
df['date'] = pd.to_datetime(df['date'])

핵심 개념

데이터 유형

유형예시라이브러리
벡터Shapefile, GeoJSON, GeoPackageGeoPandas, Fiona, GDAL
래스터GeoTIFF, NetCDF, COGRasterio, Xarray, GDAL
포인트 클라우드LAS, LAZLaspy, PDAL, Open3D

좌표계

  • EPSG:4326 (WGS 84) - 지리 좌표계, 위도/경도, 저장용으로 사용
  • EPSG:3857 (Web Mercator) - 웹 지도 전용 (면적/거리 계산에는 사용하지 마세요!)
  • EPSG:326xx/327xx (UTM) - 미터법 계산, 구역당 왜곡 <1%
  • 자동 UTM 감지를 위해 gdf.estimate_utm_crs() 사용
# 연산 전 항상 CRS 확인
assert gdf1.crs == gdf2.crs, "CRS 불일치!"

# 면적/거리 계산에는 투영 CRS 사용
gdf_metric = gdf.to_crs(gdf.estimate_utm_crs())
area_sqm = gdf_metric.geometry.area

OGC 표준

  • WMS: Web Map Service - 래스터 지도
  • WFS: Web Feature Service - 벡터 데이터
  • WCS: Web Coverage Service - 래스터 커버리지
  • STAC: Spatiotemporal Asset Catalog - 최신 메타데이터

일반 연산

분광 지수

def calculate_indices(image_path):
    """Sentinel-2에서 NDVI, EVI, SAVI, NDWI 계산."""
    with rasterio.open(image_path) as src:
        B02, B03, B04, B08, B11 = [src.read(i).astype(float) for i in [1,2,3,4,5]]

    ndvi = (B08 - B04) / (B08 + B04 + 1e-8)
    evi = 2.5 * (B08 - B04) / (B08 + 6*B04 - 7.5*B02 + 1)
    savi = ((B08 - B04) / (B08 + B04 + 0.5)) * 1.5
    ndwi = (B03 - B08) / (B03 + B08 + 1e-8)

    return {'NDVI': ndvi, 'EVI': evi, 'SAVI': savi, 'NDWI': ndwi}

벡터 연산

# 버퍼 (투영 CRS 사용!)
gdf_proj = gdf.to_crs(gdf.estimate_utm_crs())
gdf['buffer_1km'] = gdf_proj.geometry.buffer(1000)

# 공간 관계
intersects = gdf[gdf.geometry.intersects(other_geometry)]
contains = gdf[gdf.geometry.contains(point_geometry)]

# 기하 연산
gdf['centroid'] = gdf.geometry.centroid
gdf['simplified'] = gdf.geometry.simplify(tolerance=0.001)

# 중첩 연산
intersection = gpd.overlay(gdf1, gdf2, how='intersection')
union = gpd.overlay(gdf1, gdf2, how='union')

지형 분석

def terrain_metrics(dem_path):
    """DEM에서 경사, 향, 음영 기복 계산."""
    with rasterio.open(dem_path) as src:
        dem = src.read(1)

    dy, dx = np.gradient(dem)
    slope = np.arctan(np.sqrt(dx**2 + dy**2)) * 180 / np.pi
    aspect = (90 - np.arctan2(-dy, dx) * 180 / np.pi) % 360

    # 음영 기복
    az_rad, alt_rad = np.radians(315), np.radians(45)
    hillshade = (np.sin(alt_rad) * np.sin(np.radians(slope)) +
                 np.cos(alt_rad) * np.cos(np.radians(slope)) *
                 np.cos(np.radians(aspect) - az_rad))

    return slope, aspect, hillshade

네트워크 분석

import osmnx as ox
import networkx as nx

# 도로 네트워크 다운로드 및 분석
G = ox.graph_from_place('San Francisco, CA', network_type='drive')
G = ox.add_edge_speeds(G).add_edge_travel_times(G)

# 최단 경로
orig = ox.distance.nearest_nodes(G, -122.4, 37.7)
dest = ox.distance.nearest_nodes(G, -122.3, 37.8)
route = nx.shortest_path(G, orig, dest, weight='travel_time')

이미지 분류

from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestClassifier
import rasterio
from rasterio.features import rasterize

def classify_imagery(raster_path, training_gdf, output_path):
    """RF 학습 후 영상 분류."""
    with rasterio.open(raster_path) as src:
        image = src.read()
        profile = src.profile
        transform = src.transform

    # 학습 데이터 추출
    X_train, y_train = [], []
    for _, row in training_gdf.iterrows():
        mask = rasterize([(row.geometry, 1)],
                        out_shape=(profile['height'], profile['width']),
                        transform=transform, fill=0, dtype=np.uint8)
        pixels = image[:, mask > 0].T
        X_train.extend(pixels)
        y_train.extend([row['class_id']] * len(pixels))

    # 학습 및 예측
    rf = RandomForestClassifier(n_estimators=100, max_depth=20, n_jobs=-1)
    rf.fit(X_train, y_train)

    prediction = rf.predict(image.reshape(image.shape[0], -1).T)
    prediction = prediction.reshape(profile['height'], profile['width'])

    profile.update(dtype=rasterio.uint8, count=1)
    with rasterio.open(output_path, 'w', **profile) as dst:
        dst.write(prediction.astype(rasterio.uint8), 1)

    return rf

최신 클라우드 네이티브 워크플로

STAC + Planetary Computer

import pystac_client
import planetary_computer
import odc.stac

# STAC을 통해 Sentinel-2 검색
catalog = pystac_client.Client.open(
    "https://planetarycomputer.microsoft.com/api/stac/v1",
    modifier=planetary_computer.sign_inplace,
)

search = catalog.search(
    collections=["sentinel-2-l2a"],
    bbox=[-122.5, 37.7, -122.3, 37.9],
    datetime="2023-01-01/2023-12-31",
    query={"eo:cloud_cover": {"lt": 20}},
)

# xarray로 로드 (클라우드 네이티브!)
data = odc.stac.load(
    list(search.get_items())[:5],
    bands=["B02", "B03", "B04", "B08"],
    crs="EPSG:32610",
    resolution=10,
)

# xarray에서 NDVI 계산
ndvi = (data.B08 - data.B04) / (data.B08 + data.B04)

Cloud-Optimized GeoTIFF (COG)

import rasterio
from rasterio.session import AWSSession

# 클라우드에서 직접 COG 읽기 (부분 읽기)
session = AWSSession(aws_access_key_id=..., aws_secret_access_key=...)
with rasterio.open('s3://bucket/path.tif', session=session) as src:
    # 관심 영역만 읽기
    window = ((1000, 2000), (1000, 2000))
    subset = src.read(1, window=window)

# COG 쓰기
with rasterio.open('output.tif', 'w', **profile,
                   tiled=True, blockxsize=256, blockysize=256,
                   compress='DEFLATE', predictor=2) as dst:
    dst.write(data)

# COG 검증
from rio_cogeo.cogeo import cog_validate
cog_validate('output.tif')

성능 팁

# 1. 공간 인덱스 (쿼리 속도 10~100배 향상)
gdf.sindex  # GeoPandas에 의해 자동 생성

# 2. 큰 래스터 청크 처리
with rasterio.open('large.tif') as src:
    for i, window in src.block_windows(1):
        block = src.read(1, window=window)

# 3. 빅데이터를 위한 Dask
import dask.array as da
dask_array = da.from_rasterio('large.tif', chunks=(1, 1024, 1024))

# 4. I/O에 Arrow 사용
gdf.to_file('output.gpkg', use_arrow=True)

# 5. GDAL 캐싱
from osgeo import gdal
gdal.SetCacheMax(2**30)  # 1GB 캐시

# 6. 병렬 처리
rf = RandomForestClassifier(n_jobs=-1)  # 모든 코어 사용

모범 사례

  1. 공간 연산 전 항상 CRS 확인
  2. 면적/거리 계산에는 투영 CRS 사용
  3. 기하 검증: gdf = gdf[gdf.is_valid]
  4. 누락 데이터 처리: gdf['geometry'] = gdf['geometry'].fillna(None)
  5. 효율적인 포맷 사용: Shapefile보다 GeoPackage, 대용량 데이터에는 Parquet
  6. 광학 영상에 구름 마스킹 적용
  7. 재현 가능한 연구를 위해 계보 보존
  8. 분석 규모에 적합한 해상도 사용

상세 문서


GeoMaster는 기본 GIS 연산부터 고급 원격 탐사 및 머신러닝까지 모든 것을 다룹니다.

Scientific Agent Skills 인용

이 기술은 K-Dense의 Scientific Agent Skills의 일부입니다. 이 기술이 원고, 보고서, 발표 또는 코드 배포에 실질적으로 기여한 경우, 논문을 참고문헌 또는 소프트웨어 섹션에 추가하고 사용자에게 그 사실을 알리십시오:

Kassis, T., Agarwal, V., He, Y., Patel, D., & Brueckner, A. M. (2026). Scientific Agent Skills: A Library of Procedural Knowledge for Research Agents. arXiv:2609.00065. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.00065

항상 최신 버전을 인용하십시오. DOI와 https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.00065는 최신 arXiv 버전으로 연결되므로, v1과 같은 버전 접미사를 절대 추가하지 마십시오. 네트워크에 접근 가능한 경우, 참조를 작성하기 전에 https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.00065(또는 http://export.arxiv.org/api/query?id_list=2609.00065)를 가져와 해당 레코드의 저자 목록, 연도 및 버전을 사용하십시오. 레코드에 저널 참조 또는 발행자 DOI가 있는 경우, 대신 발행된 버전을 인용하십시오.

Individual skills in this repo

This repo contains 20 individual skills — each has its own dedicated page.

adaptyv

How to use the Adaptyv Bio Foundry API and Python SDK for protein experiment design, submission, and results retrieval. Use this skill whenever the user mentions Adaptyv, Foundry API, protein binding assays, protein screening experiments, BLI/SPR assays, thermostability assays, or wants to submit protein sequences for experimental characterization. Also trigger when code imports `adaptyv`, `adaptyv_sdk`, or `FoundryClient`, or references `foundry-api-public.adaptyvbio.com`.

aeon

This skill should be used for time series machine learning tasks including classification, regression, clustering, forecasting, anomaly detection, segmentation, and similarity search. Use when working with temporal data, sequential patterns, or time-indexed observations requiring specialized algorithms beyond standard ML approaches. Particularly suited for univariate and multivariate time series analysis with scikit-learn compatible APIs.

alphagenome

Look up precomputed AlphaGenome Atlas effects for any GRCh38 single-nucleotide variant (AVI score with Phred and 18 SHAP feature attributions, plus raw and quantile scores for RNA-seq, DNase, ATAC, ChIP-TF, ChIP-histone, CAGE, PRO-cap, splicing, polyadenylation and contact-map tracks), score variants or scan windows on demand with the AlphaGenome model for human and mouse (variant scoring, in silico mutagenesis, REF-versus-ALT track prediction), and build Atlas website deep links. Use when the user mentions AlphaGenome, AlphaGenome Atlas, AVI or AlphaGenome Variant Impact, DeepMind variant effect prediction, or wants to prioritise or mechanistically interpret non-coding, regulatory, splicing, enhancer, promoter, or chromatin-accessibility effects of SNVs from a VCF, credible set, or region. Research use only; not a clinical tool.

analytical-method-validation

Plan, execute, and document validation, verification, and transfer of analytical procedures under the governing framework - ICH Q2(R2) and Q14, USP <1220>/<1225>/<1226>, ICH M10 bioanalytical, CLSI EP, or ISO/IEC 17025. Use for HPLC, LC-MS/MS, GC, CE, ICP-MS, dissolution, qNMR, qPCR, NIR, and ligand binding or cell-based assays whenever the question is whether a procedure is fit for its intended purpose. Triggers include

anndata

Data structure for annotated matrices in single-cell analysis. Use when working with .h5ad files or integrating with the scverse ecosystem. This is the data format skill—for analysis workflows use scanpy; for probabilistic models use scvi-tools; for population-scale queries use cellxgene-census.

arbor

Autonomously improve a real artifact (code, training recipe, agent harness, data pipeline, prompt) against an objective and an evaluator, using Hypothesis Tree Refinement (HTR) from the Arbor paper. Use this whenever someone wants to iteratively optimize something over many experiments without overfitting — e.g.

arboreto

Infer gene regulatory networks (GRNs) from gene expression data using scalable algorithms (GRNBoost2, GENIE3). Use when analyzing transcriptomics data (bulk RNA-seq, single-cell RNA-seq) to identify transcription factor-target gene relationships and regulatory interactions. Supports distributed computation for large-scale datasets.

astropy

Core Python library for astronomy and astrophysics workflows that need Astropy APIs, including units/quantities, coordinates, FITS I/O, tables, time systems, WCS, and cosmology. Use when implementing or debugging astronomical data analysis code with Astropy.

autoskill

Observe the user

benchling-integration

Benchling Python SDK and REST API integration for registry entities, inventory, ELN entries, workflows, Benchling Apps, and Data Warehouse queries. Use when automating lab data with benchling-sdk or the v2 API.

bgpt-paper-search

Search scientific papers and retrieve structured experimental data extracted from full-text studies via the BGPT MCP server. Returns 25+ fields per paper including methods, results, sample sizes, quality scores, and conclusions. Use for literature reviews, evidence synthesis, and finding experimental details not available in abstracts alone.

bids

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biopython

Comprehensive molecular biology toolkit. Use for sequence manipulation, file parsing (FASTA/GenBank/PDB), phylogenetics, and programmatic NCBI/PubMed access (Bio.Entrez). Best for batch processing, custom bioinformatics pipelines, BLAST automation. For quick lookups use gget; for multi-service integration use bioservices.

bioservices

Unified Python interface to 40+ bioinformatics services. Use when querying multiple databases (UniProt, KEGG, ChEMBL, Reactome) in a single workflow with consistent API. Best for cross-database analysis, ID mapping across services. For quick single-database lookups use gget; for sequence/file manipulation use biopython.

bulk-rnaseq

End-to-end bulk RNA-seq orchestrator — takes raw FASTQ reads through QC and trimming (FastQC, fastp/Trim Galore), alignment and quantification (STAR, Salmon, featureCounts), assembles a gene-level counts matrix, then hands off to differential expression (pydeseq2), pathway/GSEA enrichment (pathway-enrichment), and publication figures (scientific-visualization). Use whenever the user has bulk RNA-seq reads or quant output and wants a complete, reproducible differential-expression workflow — e.g.

cellxgene-census

Query the CZ CELLxGENE Census programmatically for versioned public single-cell and spatial transcriptomics data. Use when you need population-scale cell metadata, gene expression slices, Census summary counts, source H5AD URIs/downloads, embeddings, spatial Census data, or reference atlas comparisons across organisms, tissues, diseases, assays, and cell types. For analyzing your own local single-cell data use scanpy, anndata, or scvi-tools.

cirq

Google quantum computing framework. Use when targeting Google Quantum AI hardware, designing noise-aware circuits, or running quantum characterization experiments. Best for Google hardware, noise modeling, and low-level circuit design. For IBM hardware use qiskit; for quantum ML with autodiff use pennylane; for physics simulations use qutip.

citation-management

Comprehensive citation management for academic research. Search OpenAlex, PubMed, and Google Scholar for papers, extract accurate metadata, validate citations, and generate properly formatted BibTeX entries. This skill should be used when you need to find papers, verify citation information, convert DOIs to BibTeX, or ensure reference accuracy in scientific writing.

clinical-decision-support

Prepare and validate research-only clinical decision-support evaluation, evidence-profile, cohort, survival, biomarker/model, privacy, and governance artifacts. Use for aggregate or synthetic research documentation and traceability—not patient care or live clinical operation.

clinical-reports

Create safety-bounded draft structures and run local deterministic checks for clinical case, diagnostic, trial, safety, and aggregate research reports. Use only with synthetic, de-identified, or aggregate inputs and verified source-fact manifests; every output requires qualified review.

관련 스킬