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洞察力的自然主义研究

用于在执行努力不再有效时,通过洞察、重构、矛盾、僵局和异常驱动的问题解决。不适用于常规优化、错误纠正或具有已知解决路径的明确任务。

洞察力的自然主义研究 是什么?

该技能基于Gary Klein和Andrea Jarosz关于洞察力在真实工作中如何出现(而非仅限于谜题任务)的研究,提供了一套系统的方法来识别和解决框架失败问题。它帮助用户区分执行失败和框架失败,识别四种主要的洞察路径(矛盾、连接、绝望、逐渐积累),并找出需要改变的核心信念或假设。该技能强调了组织环境如何通过合规压力、过早文档化或“解释掉”规范来抑制洞察,并提供了应对这些障碍的策略。它适用于设计系统、团队或工作流时需要发现而非仅可靠执行的场景,以及组织擅长预防错误但难以产生新理解的情况。技能包含决策流程、工作模型、故障模式、反模式、工作示例以及参考文档路由,支持在Claude Code、Cursor等AI代理环境中使用。

兼容平台✓Claude Code~Codex CLI~Cursor
npx skills add https://github.com/curiositech/windags-skills/tree/HEAD/skills/a-naturalistic-study-of-insight

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文档

洞察力的自然主义研究 是做什么的?

来源基础:Gary Klein 和 Andrea Jarosz 关于洞察力在真实工作中如何出现的研究,并非仅限于谜题任务。

何时使用

  • 用户虽然已熟悉领域并尝试了合理的执行策略,但仍然卡住。
  • 矛盾的证据反复出现,且当前的解释越来越牵强。
  • 你需要决定问题是需要分解还是需要更深的框架变更。
  • 你在设计系统、团队或工作流,需要发现而不是仅仅可靠的执行。
  • 组织非常擅长防止错误,但难以产生新的理解。

不适用于

  • 常规优化、渐进式改进,或在稳定框架内的简单调试。
  • 具有明确指标、已知解类别,且无证据表明框架本身有误的问题。
  • 没有具体矛盾、僵局或连接信号的泛泛的“更有创造力”的指导。

决策要点

  1. 判断问题是执行失败还是框架失败。如果当前模型仍然合理,则停留在执行模式。
  2. 命名活跃的洞察路径:矛盾、连接、绝望或逐渐积累。
  3. 识别面临风险的锚点。询问为了使异常变得合理,哪个信念、类别或因果假设需要移动。
  4. 检查环境是否通过合规压力、过早文档化或“解释掉”的规范来抑制洞察。

决策流程

flowchart TD
  A[卡住的问题] --> B{执行失败还是框架失败?}
  B -->|执行| C[停留在执行模式]
  B -->|框架失败| D{主要洞察路径}
  D -->|矛盾| E[针对核心假设检验异常]
  D -->|连接| F[跨案例比较以发现隐藏模式]
  D -->|绝望| G[在僵局下重新审视锚点]
  D -->|逐渐积累| H[随时间跟踪弱信号]
  E --> I[命名面临风险的锚点]
  F --> I
  G --> I
  H --> I
  I --> J{环境是否抑制重构?}
  J -->|是| K[在进行更多分析之前改变评审规范]
  J -->|否| L[修订框架并继续]

工作模型

  • 洞察并非一种机制。矛盾、连接和僵局会触发不同的行动,不应视为可互换。
  • 当你将异常数据视为可能比当前用来否定它的故事更可信时,矛盾工作就开始了。
  • 现实世界中的洞察通常是渐进的。弱信号的缓慢积累仍然是洞察工作,如果它改变了框架的话。
  • 专长通常是一种资产,因为它提供了必要的模式库来首先注意到有意义的异常。
  • 错误预防系统通常会干扰洞察,因为它们奖励稳定性、精确性和过早闭合,而不是探索性重构。

故障模式

  • 将每个异常解释为噪声、测量误差或特殊情况。
  • 过早地将洞察问题分解为子任务,这恰恰固化了需要修订的框架。
  • 将专长视为污染而非更高质量模式识别的来源。
  • 等待戏剧性的“顿悟”,而错过了跨案例的缓慢证据积累。
  • 在组织中引入洞察仪式,却没有移除惩罚重构的控制结构。

反模式和标识语

  • 反模式:当每个子任务仍然继承相同的错误框架时,进一步分解任务。
  • 反模式:赞扬“创造性思维”,却没有指出实际需要处理的矛盾、锚点或路径。
  • 标识语:如果建议从未说明什么信念必须改变,那很可能只是励志演讲,而非洞察支持。

工作示例

  • 一个编排代理不断优化任务分解,但仍未发现真正的瓶颈。正确的做法是检查关于任务到底是什么的基本假设,而不是添加更多子任务。
  • 一个注重安全的团队拥有出色的审计追踪,但从未发现新的风险模式。正确的做法是保护异常审查时间并挑战报告框架,而不是仅仅添加更多检查项。

Fork 指南

  • 对于单个卡住案例,当只有一个主导框架且只需测试少数锚点时,保持进程内处理。
  • 当需要对同一矛盾进行独立的解释,且避免过早趋同压力时,为每个竞争框架 fork 一个子代理。

质量关卡

  • 当前框架被明确命名,而非暗示。
  • 至少确定了一个可能需要修订的锚点。
  • 在给出建议之前诊断出活跃路径。
  • 矛盾证据被视为证据,而不是立即降级为噪声。
  • 如果环境是组织性的,则在洞察问题之外同时检查错误预防机制。

参考路由

  • references/three-pathways-anchor-model.md:当需要更完整的路径分类和锚点逻辑时加载。
  • references/contradiction-driven-insight-pathways.md:当异常反复出现且主要挑战是打破知识屏障时加载。
  • references/gradual-insight-and-pattern-accumulation.md:当信号随时间分布而非与单一事件相关时加载。
  • references/expertise-enables-insight-not-fixation.md:当有人假设专长是洞察受阻的原因时加载。
  • references/organizational-barriers-to-insight.md:当流程纪律或合规文化似乎抑制发现时加载。
  • references/task-decomposition-for-insight-vs-execution.md:当需要将洞察工作与普通执行工作区分时加载。

Individual skills in this repo

This repo contains 20 individual skills — each has its own dedicated page.

curiositech/windags-skills

Expert in 2000s-era music visualization (Milkdrop, AVS, Geiss) and modern WebGL implementations. Specializes in Butterchurn integration, Web Audio API AnalyserNode FFT data, GLSL shaders for audio-reactive visuals, and psychedelic generative art. Activate on "Milkdrop", "music visualization", "WebGL visualizer", "Butterchurn", "audio reactive", "FFT visualization", "spectrum analyzer". NOT for simple bar charts/waveforms (use basic canvas), video editing, or non-audio visuals.

curiositech/windags-skills

Expert legal research agent for finding and scraping expungement data state by state. Knows authoritative sources, URL patterns, Firecrawl configuration, and 2026 legal landscape.

curiositech/windags-skills

Expert in 3D computer vision labeling tools, workflows, and AI-assisted annotation for LiDAR, point clouds, and sensor fusion. Covers SAM4D/Point-SAM, human-in-the-loop architectures, and vertical-specific training strategies. Activate on '3D labeling', 'point cloud annotation', 'LiDAR labeling', 'SAM 3D', 'SAM4D', 'sensor fusion annotation', '3D bounding box', 'semantic segmentation point cloud'. NOT for 2D image labeling (use clip-aware-embeddings), general ML training (use ml-engineer), video annotation without 3D (use computer-vision-pipeline), or VLM prompt engineering (use prompt-engineer).

curiositech/windags-skills

Implement WCAG 2.2 AA/AAA compliance with automated testing, keyboard navigation, screen reader support, and focus management. Activate on: accessibility audit, WCAG compliance, keyboard navigation, screen reader, aria attributes, axe-core, focus trap. NOT for: design-level accessibility review (use design-accessibility-auditor), color contrast only (use css-in-js-architect).

curiositech/windags-skills

Time-blind friendly planning, executive function support, and daily structure for ADHD brains. Specializes in realistic time estimation, dopamine-aware task design, and building systems that actually work for neurodivergent minds.

curiositech/windags-skills

Designs digital experiences for ADHD brains using neuroscience research and UX principles. Expert in reducing cognitive load, time blindness solutions, dopamine-driven engagement, and compassionate design patterns. Activate on 'ADHD design', 'cognitive load', 'accessibility', 'neurodivergent UX', 'time blindness', 'dopamine-driven', 'executive function'. NOT for general accessibility (WCAG only), neurotypical UX design, or simple UI styling without ADHD context.

curiositech/windags-skills

>- Apply crisis decision-making research to agent routing, uncertainty triage, and coordination failure analysis in time-pressured systems. Use when diagnosing handoff failures, analytical paralysis, or expert judgment under incomplete information. NOT for routine coding, simple CRUD design, or static single-agent tasks with complete information.

curiositech/windags-skills

Extend and modify the admin dashboard, developer portal, and operations console. Use when adding new admin tabs, metrics, monitoring features, or internal tools. Activates for dashboard development, analytics, user management, and internal tooling.

curiositech/windags-skills

Conversation patterns and interaction protocols for multi-agent systems. Covers request/response, pub/sub, blackboard, delegation chains, debate, critique, consensus, fan-out/fan-in, supervisor-worker, and peer negotiation. Deep analysis of AutoGen conversation patterns, CrewAI delegation, LangGraph state passing, and FIPA-ACL performatives. Teaches how to design what agents say to each other and in what order. Activate on: "agent conversation", "agent protocol", "multi-agent debate", "agent delegation", "supervisor worker pattern", "agent voting", "consensus protocol", "fan-out fan-in", "agent negotiation", "blackboard pattern", "agent dialogue", "conversation topology", "agent handoff". NOT for: wire format or serialization (use agent-interchange-formats), orchestration infrastructure (use agentic-infrastructure-2026), single agent behavior (use agentic-patterns).

curiositech/windags-skills

Meta-agent for creating new custom agents, skills, and MCP integrations. Expert in agent design, MCP development, skill architecture, and rapid prototyping. Activate on 'create agent', 'new skill', 'MCP server', 'custom tool', 'agent design'. NOT for using existing agents (invoke them directly), general coding (use language-specific skills), or infrastructure setup (use deployment-engineer).

curiositech/windags-skills

AI-powered calendar management and agent-based scheduling coordination. Covers calendar APIs (Google Calendar, CalDAV/iCal), AI scheduling assistants (Reclaim, Clockwise, Motion, Cal.com), building custom calendar agents with MCP, multi-calendar merging, timezone management, focus block protection, meeting fatigue detection, and agent-to-agent meeting negotiation protocols. Activate on: "calendar agent", "AI scheduling", "calendar coordination", "meeting scheduling", "calendar API", "focus time protection", "calendar optimization", "Google Calendar MCP", "Reclaim", "Clockwise", "Motion", "Cal.com", "smart scheduling", "calendar-aware agent", "timezone scheduling", "agent negotiation meetings". NOT for: manual calendar UI component design (use form-validation-architect), project management scheduling or Gantt charts (use project-management-guru-adhd), general time-tracking or pomodoro apps (use adhd-daily-planner for time-awareness), building the agent itself from scratch (use agent-creator).

curiositech/windags-skills

Build and adopt production AI agent infrastructure in 2026. Covers framework selection (LangGraph, CrewAI, AutoGen, MCP), orchestration patterns, evaluation, observability, memory systems, and tool use. Also covers the SOCIAL dimension: how to sell agent infrastructure internally, change management, measuring ROI, building trust in autonomous systems, and scaling adoption across teams. Activate on: "agent infrastructure", "agent framework comparison", "which agent framework", "sell AI tools internally", "agent adoption", "agent observability", "agent evaluation", "MCP architecture", "agentic mesh", "enterprise AI agents", "AI change management", "agent ROI". NOT for: building specific agents (use ai-engineer), designing agent behavior patterns (use agentic-patterns), prompt tuning (use prompt-engineer).

curiositech/windags-skills

Fundamental patterns for effective agentic behavior. Teaches decomposition, tool orchestration, error recovery, context management, quality self-assessment, and knowing when to stop. Model-agnostic principles that make any agent more effective regardless of domain. Activate on: "how should I structure this agent", "agentic workflow", "agent patterns", "multi-step task", "tool orchestration", "/agentic-patterns", "decompose this", "agent best practices", "chain of actions", "when should the agent stop", "agent loop design". NOT for: creating agent infrastructure (use agent-creator), building DAGs (use windags-architect), specific tool implementation.

curiositech/windags-skills

Automated discovery and matching of agent skills for dynamic task routing and capability assessment

curiositech/windags-skills

Cryptographic security for agentic systems — zero-trust agent networking, signed message envelopes (JWS/JWE), capability-based security (ocaps), Merkle tree audit trails, WASM sandboxing, and formal verification. Covers CLI dev tool security, mTLS between agents, permission boundaries (least privilege for AI agents), and supply chain security for skills/plugins. Activate on: "agent security", "zero trust agents", "secure agent communication", "capability-based security", "ocap", "signed messages between agents", "agent audit trail", "sandbox agent execution", "agent permissions", "mTLS agents", "cryptographic verification", "agent supply chain", "OWASP agentic", "prove agent did X", "tamper-proof agent logs". NOT for: application-level SAST scanning (use security-auditor), network firewall rules (use infrastructure), SOC2/HIPAA compliance (organizational), or prompt injection defense (use prompt-engineer).

curiositech/windags-skills

Data structures and serialization formats for agent-to-agent communication. Covers message envelopes, structured output schemas, capability declarations, task handoff payloads, error/retry signaling, and context windows as data structures. Deep comparison of A2A protocol, MCP, OpenAI function calling, and LangChain message types. Teaches when to use rigid schemas vs free-form with validation, typed vs untyped, streaming vs batch. Activate on: "agent message format", "agent communication schema", "agent-to-agent protocol", "A2A protocol", "MCP message format", "structured output for agents", "agent interop", "interchange format", "agent serialization", "task handoff format", "capability declaration". NOT for: what agents say to each other (use agent-conversation-protocols), orchestration topology (use multi-agent-coordination), building agent infrastructure (use agentic-infrastructure-2026).

curiositech/windags-skills

Logic-based agent programming language implementing BDI architecture for practical autonomous agent development

curiositech/windags-skills

>- Design AgentSpeak(L)-style BDI agents with context-guarded plans, selection functions, and intention stacks. Use for interruptible autonomy, agent policy, and multi-agent orchestration in dynamic environments. NOT for simple rule engines, static planners, or centralized workflows.

curiositech/windags-skills

Foundational concurrent computation model where actors communicate exclusively through asynchronous message passing

curiositech/windags-skills

license: Apache-2.0 NOT for unrelated tasks outside this domain.

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