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Playwright Test (JS/TS) 官方文档精要

汇集 Playwright Test for JavaScript 和 TypeScript 的易错点、意外默认行为和推荐模式。适用于编写、审查、调试或配置 Playwright 测试,涵盖不稳定测试、定位器、Web 优先断言、fixtures、认证、网络模拟等主题。

TS) 官方文档精要 是什么?

该技能基于 Playwright Test 1.64.1 官方文档,提炼出开发者容易忽略或误解的核心规则和最佳实践,涵盖定位器(如 getByRole、filter、严格模式)、自动等待行为、Web 优先断言(如 expect、toHaveText、toBeVisible),以及 fixtures、storageState 认证、项目依赖、超时与重试、网络模拟(page.route、routeFromHAR、routeWebSocket)、API 测试、时钟、aria 快照、截图(toHaveScreenshot)、axe 无障碍扫描、跟踪、UI 模式、报告器、CI/Docker、分片、测试锁、组件测试(stories + mount)、codegen、Playwright MCP、playwright-cli,以及从 Puppeteer、Protractor、Testing Library 或旧版 Playwright 迁移等。每个断言都附带了官方文档 URL 以便验证。参考文件按主题(如定位器、动作与事件、断言、快照、配置、超时、fixtures、网络、API 测试、CI/分片、浏览器/Docker、调试/报告、组件测试、codegen/代理工具、版本变更)组织,方便按需查阅。

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文档

TS) 官方文档精要 是做什么的?

概述

本技能汇集了 Playwright 文档中容易出错的内容:自动等待规则、严格性、不会按预期堆叠的超时、模拟盲点、快照更新模式、CI 设置以及已移除的 API。不包含通用测试建议。每一条断言都附带了来源的文档 URL,便于查验。

涵盖版本

Playwright Test 1.64.1 for Node.js 和 TypeScript (@playwright/test)。不包含 Python、Java 和 .NET 内容。如果安装的版本较旧,在应用更新的 API 之前,请查看 references/version-changes.md 中的版本表。

导航方式

  1. 阅读下面的快速入门。它涵盖了大多数测试中重要的规则。
  2. 根据任务领域,打开末尾表格中对应的参考文件。
  3. 在审查旧代码或升级之前,请阅读下方的“旧模式”和 references/version-changes.md。

快速入门

定位器

动作与等待

断言

结构与配置

网络

CI

快照

旧模式

旧模式当前模式来源
locator.type(),page.type()locator.fill(),或 pressSequentially()https://playwright.dev/docs/release-notes#version-138
page.$(),ElementHandle,page.$eval + 通用 expect定位器 + Web 优先断言https://playwright.dev/docs/handles#locator-vs-elementhandle
expect(await locator.isVisible()).toBe(true)await expect(locator).toBeVisible()https://playwright.dev/docs/best-practices#dont-use-manual-assertions
:visible 伪类locator.visible()https://playwright.dev/docs/release-notes#version-163
text=Log in,id=,data-testid= 选择器getByText,getByTestIdhttps://playwright.dev/docs/other-locators#legacy-text-locator
:right-of(),:near() 布局选择器用户可见定位器https://playwright.dev/docs/other-locators#css-matching-elements-based-on-layout
_react,_vue 选择器标准定位器https://playwright.dev/docs/release-notes#version-158
page.accessibility@axe-core/playwrighthttps://playwright.dev/docs/release-notes#version-157
用于登录或数据初始化的 globalSetup使用 dependencies 的设置项目https://playwright.dev/docs/test-global-setup-teardown#introduction
用于共享资源的 test.describe.configure({ mode: 'serial' })测试锁https://playwright.dev/docs/test-parallel#test-locks
webServer.portwebServer.urlhttps://playwright.dev/docs/test-webserver#configuring-a-web-server
videosPath,videoSizerecordVideo,或者在运行器中使用 use.videohttps://playwright.dev/docs/release-notes#version-160
devtools: true 启动选项args: ['--auto-open-devtools-for-tabs']https://playwright.dev/docs/release-notes#version-158
-gv 标志--grep-invert 或 -Ghttps://playwright.dev/docs/release-notes#version-154
用于录制的 npx playwright opennpx playwright codegenhttps://playwright.dev/docs/release-notes#version-154
用于刷新已更改快照的 updateSnapshots: 'all''changed'('all' 重写所有内容)https://playwright.dev/docs/release-notes#version-150
waitUntil: 'networkidle'自动等待和 Web 优先断言https://playwright.dev/docs/puppeteer#automation-example
使用 JSX mount(<C />) 的 @playwright/experimental-ct-*来自 @playwright/test 的 stories + mount('Story/Id', props)https://playwright.dev/docs/test-components#migration-from-the-experimental-packages
通过 npm install 下载的浏览器npx playwright install --with-depshttps://playwright.dev/docs/release-notes#version-138

参考文件

文件适用场景
references/locators.md定位器优先级、文本匹配、严格性、filter、within、and / or、visible()、Shadow DOM、框架、遗留选择器
references/actions-and-events.md每个动作的可操作性检查、force、输入、拖放、对话框、下载、上传、弹出窗口、导航、水合、evaluate、初始化脚本、句柄
references/assertions.mdWeb 优先与通用匹配器、断言超时、expect.poll、toPass、软断言、自定义匹配器、test.step
references/snapshots-and-accessibility.md快照更新模式、aria 快照、toHaveScreenshot 容差和命名、非图像快照、axe 扫描
references/configuration.md配置结构、use 作用域和默认值、项目和依赖项、设备和模拟、TypeScript 处理、webServer
references/timeouts-retries-annotations.md所有超时及其默认值、重试和 worker 重启、串行模式、skip / fail / fixme、标签、参数化测试和项目
references/fixtures-and-auth.md隔离、自定义 fixtures、作用域、选项、执行顺序、全局 hooks、设置项目、页面对象、storageState 认证、角色、每个 worker 的账户
references/network-and-mocking.mdroute、glob 规则、route 无法触及的标头和重定向、HAR 记录和回放、WebSocket 模拟、浏览器 API 模拟、service worker
references/api-testing-and-clock.mdrequest fixture、共享与隔离的 cookies、释放上下文、page.clock 方法和顺序
references/ci-parallel-sharding.mdCI 基线、GitHub Actions 和其他提供商、workers、fullyParallel、测试锁、分片、blob 报告合并
references/browsers-and-docker.md浏览器安装和缓存、Chromium 渠道、代理和镜像、Docker 镜像、Chrome 扩展、WebView2、Selenium Grid
references/debugging-and-reporting.mdCLI 标志、--debug、Inspector、跟踪和视频模式、跟踪查看器、UI 模式、报告器
references/component-testing-and-migration.mdstories 和画廊组件测试、从实验性 ct 包迁移、Testing Library、Protractor、Puppeteer
references/codegen-and-agent-tooling.mdcodegen、Library 与 Test、发布渠道、Test Agents、playwright-cli、Playwright MCP
references/version-changes.md破坏性行为变更、已移除和弃用的 API 及其替代方案、平台支持变更

来源和获取详情列在 SOURCES.md 中。

Individual skills in this repo

This repo contains 16 individual skills — each has its own dedicated page.

eslint-docs

Teaches current ESLint 10 practices drawn from the official documentation. Use when writing, reviewing or fixing an eslint.config.js (flat config, defineConfig, files, ignores, globalIgnores, extends, languageOptions, globals, parsers, processors), configuring ESLint rules and severities, disable comments and inline config, running the CLI in CI (--fix, --cache, --quiet, --max-warnings, bulk suppressions, formatters, feature flags, MCP server), writing custom rules (meta, schema, fixes, suggestions, selectors, scope, code paths) and testing them with RuleTester, building plugins, shareable configs, custom parsers, processors or formatters, using the Node.js API (ESLint, Linter), or migrating to ESLint 9 or 10 from eslintrc. Triggers on eslint, eslint.config.js, flat config, .eslintrc, .eslintignore, @eslint/js, js/recommended, eslint-disable, no-unused-vars, no-restricted-imports, no-restricted-syntax, RuleTester, eslint-plugin, eslint-config, FlatCompat, context.getScope is not a function, ESLint 10.

grafana-cloud-docs

Grafana Cloud pitfalls, defaults, limits and current patterns from the Grafana, Mimir, Loki and Tempo docs, each tied to its docs URL. Use when sending OpenTelemetry data to Grafana Cloud, writing PromQL, LogQL or TraceQL, controlling cardinality and cost, designing alert rules, routing notifications, provisioning alerting, building Synthetic Monitoring checks, using the /apis dashboard API, choosing access policy tokens or service accounts, or migrating off API keys, the Loki Exporter and legacy /api routes.

javascript-docs

Teaches current JavaScript (ECMAScript) practice drawn from the MDN JavaScript documentation. Use when writing, reviewing or fixing modern JavaScript, choosing a built-in API, or replacing a deprecated pattern. Covers equality and coercion, let/const and the temporal dead zone, strict mode, ASI, functions, classes and private fields, objects, prototypes, Proxy, Reflect, Symbol, eval, operators (??, ?., spread, BigInt arithmetic), statements, Promise, async/await, Promise.try, iterators and iterator helpers, generators, using/await using, DisposableStack, WeakRef, Array (toSorted, at, groupBy, fromAsync), Map, Set methods, WeakMap, strings and Unicode, encodeURIComponent, RegExp (v flag, RegExp.escape, lastIndex), Number, Math, BigInt, JSON (rawJSON, revivers), typed arrays, ArrayBuffer, base64, SharedArrayBuffer, Atomics, Temporal, Date, Intl (DateTimeFormat, NumberFormat, Collator, Segmenter, PluralRules), errors (cause, Error.isError), ES modules, import attributes, import.meta, dynamic import.

next-intl-docs

Teaches current next-intl 4 practices for internationalizing Next.js apps, drawn from the official documentation. Use when setting up next-intl with the App Router, writing i18n/request.ts, adding a [locale] segment with defineRouting, createMiddleware in proxy.ts (formerly middleware.ts), building locale switchers with createNavigation, translating with useTranslations or getTranslations, passing messages to NextIntlClientProvider, writing ICU messages (plurals, select, rich text), formatting dates, numbers and lists with useFormatter, translating metadata, Server Actions, Route Handlers, localized 404 and error pages, static rendering with next/root-params, type-safe messages through AppConfig, testing with Jest, Vitest, Storybook, or extracting inline messages with useExtracted. Triggers on next-intl, useTranslations, getTranslations, NextIntlClientProvider, getRequestConfig, i18n routing, locale prefix, localePrefix, NEXT_LOCALE, hreflang, setRequestLocale, ICU messages, App Router internationalization.

nodejs-docs

Teaches Node.js practice drawn from the official Node.js API documentation, with pitfalls, surprising defaults, deprecations and replacements, each backed by its nodejs.org URL. Use when writing, reviewing, debugging or upgrading Node.js code, or choosing a built-in module (fs, crypto, streams, http, process, CLI flags, node:test, ESM/CommonJS, package.json exports, TypeScript type stripping, child_process, worker_threads, node:sqlite, deprecations).

postgresql-docs

Pitfalls, surprising defaults, PostgreSQL 18 changes and recommended patterns from the official PostgreSQL 18 documentation, each backed by its postgresql.org URL. Use when writing or reviewing PostgreSQL SQL, schema design, migrations and ALTER TABLE locks, indexes, transactions, isolation levels and retries, locking, upsert and MERGE, COPY, JSONB, timestamptz, generated and identity columns, partitioning, EXPLAIN, vacuum, roles, row-level security, PL/pgSQL, full-text search, connection settings, and upgrades to PostgreSQL 18.

react-docs

Writes, reviews and upgrades React 19.3 code from the official react.dev documentation. Use when writing components and Hooks, removing unnecessary useEffect calls, fixing Effect dependencies with useEffectEvent, building forms with Actions (useActionState, useOptimistic, useFormStatus, form action), using Server Components, 'use client', 'use server' and Server Functions, Suspense, use(), useTransition, useDeferredValue, ViewTransition, Activity, adopting React Compiler and eslint-plugin-react-hooks, deciding on useMemo, useCallback and memo, server rendering and hydration (createRoot, hydrateRoot, renderToPipeableStream, prerender), or migrating from React 18 (forwardRef, Context.Provider, ReactDOM.render, propTypes, defaultProps). Triggers on React, JSX, hooks, useState, useEffect, useRef, useContext, Server Components, RSC, Actions, React Compiler, Strict Mode, hydration mismatch, React 19 upgrade.

rust-std-docs

Gives current guidance from the official Rust standard library docs (std 1.99.1 stable) on pitfalls, panics, platform differences, discouraged APIs and newer stable replacements. Use when writing, reviewing or refactoring Rust code that uses std, especially collections (Vec, HashMap, BTreeMap, BinaryHeap, entry, extract_if, sort), Option/Result/error handling (expect, ?, Error, ExitCode, panic), iterators (collect, flatten, Peekable, try_fold), Box/Rc/RefCell/Cow/Pin/mem::take, Arc/Mutex/RwLock/OnceLock/LazyLock/thread::scope/mpsc/Condvar/atomics, String/str/fmt/format!/OsString/CString, io/fs/path (BufWriter, OpenOptions, PathBuf::join), process/env/net/time (Command, set_var, TcpStream, Instant, Duration), From/TryFrom/AsRef/Ord/Drop/Deref/Clone, and unsafe raw pointers, MaybeUninit, transmute, NonNull or integer overflow and float ordering.

socketio-docs

Builds, configures and debugs Socket.IO 4.8 servers and clients from the official Socket.IO v4 documentation. Use when writing a Node.js Socket.IO server (Express, Fastify, Koa, Bun, uWebSockets.js) or a socket.io-client app, emitting events with acknowledgements, timeout() and emitWithAck, broadcasting to rooms and namespaces, authenticating in middleware with the auth option, configuring CORS, reverse proxies and sticky sessions, scaling with the Redis, Redis Streams, Postgres, MongoDB or Cluster adapter, enabling connection state recovery and delivery guarantees, tuning reconnection, writing tests, troubleshooting connection issues, or migrating from Socket.IO v2 or v3. Triggers on Socket.IO, socket.io, socket.io-client, io(), new Server, emit, emitWithAck, acknowledgements, rooms, namespaces, broadcast, io.use, middleware, CORS, Redis adapter, sticky sessions, connection state recovery, reconnection, connect_error, Session ID unknown. Not for plain WebSocket servers such as ws without Socket.IO.

tailwindcss-docs

Teaches current Tailwind CSS v4 practices drawn from the official documentation. Use for any task that touches Tailwind CSS v4, even a small one, because many v3 habits silently break in v4. Use when writing or reviewing Tailwind CSS v4 code (utility classes, variants, arbitrary values, theme variables in @theme, @utility, @custom-variant, @apply, @reference, @source), setting up Tailwind in a framework or build tool (Vite plugin, PostCSS plugin, CLI, Next.js, SvelteKit, Nuxt, Angular, Laravel, Rails), customizing the theme (colors, fonts, breakpoints, spacing, animations), building dark mode with a class or data attribute, or migrating a project from Tailwind v3 (tailwind.config.js, @tailwind directives, darkMode class, safelist, bg-opacity, renamed shadow and outline utilities). Triggers on tailwindcss, @import "tailwindcss", @tailwindcss/vite, @tailwindcss/postcss, @tailwindcss/cli, @theme, @custom-variant dark, npx @tailwindcss/upgrade, upgrade to Tailwind v4.

tauri-docs

Tauri 2 apps, tauri.conf.json, capabilities and permissions, commands and invoke, events and channels, plugins, bundling, signing and the updater, migration from Tauri 1. Guides Tauri 2 work from the official v2 documentation, including scopes, managed state, plugin authoring, CSP and the isolation pattern, testing and debugging, Linux, Windows and macOS packages, and mobile and store releases. Use when writing or reviewing a Tauri 2 app, adding a plugin or a capability, fixing a "not allowed" or "forbidden path" error, wiring IPC between Rust and the webview, packaging, signing or publishing a desktop or mobile build, or upgrading a Tauri 1 or 2.0 beta project.

tokio-docs

Gives current guidance from the official tokio documentation (tokio 1.54.1) on async Rust pitfalls, cancel safety, blocking code, surprising defaults and deprecated APIs. Use when writing, reviewing or debugging async Rust code that uses tokio, especially the runtime (#[tokio::main], #[tokio::test], Builder, enable_all, block_on, current_thread, LocalRuntime, shutdown, feature flags), tasks (spawn, JoinHandle, JoinSet, abort, spawn_blocking, block_in_place, LocalSet, spawn_local, task_local), select!, join!, try_join!, cancellation and graceful shutdown, sync primitives (Mutex across .await, RwLock, Semaphore, Notify, OnceCell), channels (mpsc backpressure, oneshot, broadcast lag, watch), time (sleep, interval, MissedTickBehavior, timeout, paused time, start_paused), I/O and networking (AsyncReadExt, BufWriter flush, split, io::copy, framing, TcpListener, TcpStream, UdpSocket), tokio::fs, process (Command, kill_on_drop, Child), signals (ctrl_c, Windows console events) and Windows named pipes.

typescript-docs

Configures, writes and upgrades TypeScript 6.0 code and tsconfig.json from the official TypeScript documentation. Use when upgrading from TypeScript 5.x to 6.0 (strict, types, rootDir, baseUrl, moduleResolution node, target es5, outFile, esModuleInterop), choosing module and moduleResolution, writing package.json exports and imports, fixing ESM and CommonJS interop, enabling verbatimModuleSyntax or erasableSyntaxOnly, setting up project references and tsc --build, writing .d.ts files, checking JavaScript with JSDoc, or debugging narrowing, generics, mapped types, decorators and enums. Triggers on TypeScript, tsc, tsconfig, TS5112, ignoreDeprecations, nodenext, bundler, .d.ts, @ts-check, TypeScript 6 upgrade.

typesense-docs

Pitfalls, surprising defaults and recommended patterns of the Typesense search engine, distilled from the official docs. Use when designing a Typesense collection schema, writing search parameters (q, query_by, filter_by, sort_by, facet_by, group_by), tuning typo tolerance and ranking, building vector, semantic or hybrid search, conversational RAG or natural language search, creating API keys and scoped search keys for multi-tenancy, indexing and import (JSONL, upsert, emplace, dirty_values), syncing from a primary database, reindexing through aliases, managing synonyms (synonym sets), curation sets and stopwords, joins, analytics rules and query suggestions, InstantSearch, migrating from Algolia, or running, clustering, backing up and upgrading a Typesense server.

vite-docs

Teaches current Vite 8 practices drawn from the official documentation. Use when writing or fixing a vite.config, migrating from Vite 7 (Rolldown and Oxc replacing Rollup and esbuild), configuring the dev server, proxy or HMR, handling import.meta.env and modes, tuning the production build, library mode, SSR, writing a Vite plugin, using the HMR or JavaScript API, or the Environment API. Triggers on vite.config, defineConfig, rolldownOptions, import.meta.env, loadEnv, optimizeDeps, ssrLoadModule, ModuleRunner, this.environment, upgrade to Vite 8.

vitest-docs

Teaches current Vitest 5 practices drawn from the official documentation. Use when writing, reviewing or fixing Vitest tests (test, describe, expect, test.for, fixtures with test.extend, hooks, snapshots), mocking with vi (vi.fn, vi.spyOn, vi.mock, vi.when, fake timers, stubGlobal, stubEnv), configuring vitest.config or projects, choosing an environment or pool, filtering and running tests in CI, measuring coverage with v8 or istanbul, debugging slow or flaky suites, testing components in browser mode with Playwright, or migrating from Jest, Mocha or Vitest 4. Triggers on vitest, vi.mock, vi.fn, vitest.config, toMatchSnapshot, expect.poll, coverage thresholds, browser mode, @vitest/browser-playwright, jsdom, happy-dom, migrate Jest to Vitest, upgrade Vitest 5.

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