akka-net-aspire-configuration

Akka.NET을 .NET Aspire로 구성하기

이 스킬을 사용해야 할 때

다음과 같은 상황에서 이 스킬을 사용하세요:

• .NET Aspire 오케스트레이션을 사용하여 새로운 Akka.NET 프로젝트를 설정할 때
• 클러스터 부트스트래핑 및 디스커버리를 사용하여 Akka.Cluster를 구성할 때
• Akka.Persistence를 SQL Server와 통합할 때
• 클러스터 관리를 위해 Akka.Management를 설정할 때
• 로컬 개발에서 다중 복제본 액터 시스템을 구성할 때
• Aspire를 사용하여 Kubernetes에 Akka.NET 애플리케이션을 배포할 때

관련 스킬

• akka-net-management - Akka.Management, Cluster Bootstrap 및 디스커버리 제공자(Kubernetes, Azure, Config)에 대한 심층 분석
• microsoft-extensions-configuration - 구성 검증을 위한 IValidateOptions 패턴
• akka-net-best-practices - 테스트 가능한 액터 시스템을 위한 클러스터/로컬 모드 추상화
• aspire-integration-testing - 실제 인프라로 Aspire 애플리케이션 테스트

핵심 원칙

1. Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration을 통한 구성 - appsettings.json에서 바인딩된 강력한 형식의 설정 클래스 사용(microsoft-extensions-configuration 스킬 참조)
2. DI 통합을 위한 Akka.Hosting - 원활한 ASP.NET Core 통합을 위해 Akka.Hosting 라이브러리 사용
3. 오케스트레이션을 위한 Aspire - Aspire가 서비스 종속성, 네트워킹 및 환경 구성을 관리하도록 함
4. 상태 확인(Health Checks) - 클러스터링, 영속성 및 준비 상태에 대한 상태 확인 항상 구성
5. 관심사 분리 - 액터 정의, 구성 및 Aspire 오케스트레이션을 별도 계층으로 유지
6. 시작 시 구성 검증 - IValidateOptions<T> 및 .ValidateOnStart()를 사용하여 잘못된 구성에 대해 빠르게 실패

프로젝트 구조

YourSolution/
├── src/
│   ├── YourApp.Actors/              # 액터 정의 및 비즈니스 로직
│   │   ├── YourActor.cs
│   │   └── YourApp.Actors.csproj
│   ├── YourApp/                     # ASP.NET Core 웹 애플리케이션
│   │   ├── Config/
│   │   │   ├── AkkaConfiguration.cs  # Akka 설정 확장 메서드
│   │   │   └── AkkaSettings.cs       # 구성 모델
│   │   ├── Program.cs
│   │   ├── appsettings.json
│   │   └── YourApp.csproj
│   └── YourApp.AppHost/             # Aspire 오케스트레이션
│       ├── Program.cs
│       ├── AkkaManagementExtensions.cs
│       └── YourApp.AppHost.csproj

필요한 NuGet 패키지

액터 프로젝트용(YourApp.Actors.csproj)

<ItemGroup>
  <PackageReference Include="Akka.Cluster.Hosting" />
  <PackageReference Include="Akka.Streams" />
</ItemGroup>

웹 애플리케이션용(YourApp.csproj)

<ItemGroup>
  <PackageReference Include="Akka.Hosting" />
  <PackageReference Include="Akka.Cluster.Hosting" />
  <PackageReference Include="Akka.Persistence.Sql.Hosting" />
  <PackageReference Include="Akka.Management" />
  <PackageReference Include="Akka.Management.Cluster.Bootstrap" />
  <PackageReference Include="Akka.Discovery.KubernetesApi" />
  <PackageReference Include="Akka.Discovery.Azure" />
  <PackageReference Include="Akka.Discovery.Config.Hosting" />
  <PackageReference Include="Petabridge.Cmd.Host" />
  <PackageReference Include="Petabridge.Cmd.Cluster" />
</ItemGroup>

AppHost용(YourApp.AppHost.csproj)

<Sdk Name="Aspire.AppHost.Sdk" Version="$(AspireVersion)" />

<ItemGroup>
  <PackageReference Include="Aspire.Hosting.AppHost" />
  <PackageReference Include="Aspire.Hosting.Azure.Storage" />
  <PackageReference Include="Aspire.Hosting.SqlServer" />
</ItemGroup>

구성 모델(AkkaSettings.cs)

강력한 형식의 구성 클래스 생성:

using System.Net;
using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;
using Akka.Cluster.Hosting;
using Akka.Remote.Hosting;
using Petabridge.Cmd.Host;

namespace YourApp.Config;

public class AkkaSettings
{
    public string ActorSystemName { get; set; } = "YourSystem";

    public bool LogConfigOnStart { get; set; } = false;

    public RemoteOptions RemoteOptions { get; set; } = new()
    {
        PublicHostName = Dns.GetHostName(),
        HostName = "0.0.0.0",
        Port = 8081
    };

    public ClusterOptions ClusterOptions { get; set; } = new()
    {
        SeedNodes = [$”akka.tcp://YourSystem@{Dns.GetHostName()}:8081”],
        Roles = ["your-role"]
    };

    public ShardOptions ShardOptions { get; set; } = new();

    public AkkaManagementOptions? AkkaManagementOptions { get; set; }

    public PetabridgeCmdOptions PbmOptions { get; set; } = new()
    {
        Host = "0.0.0.0",
        Port = 9110
    };

    public TlsSettings? TlsSettings { get; set; }
}

public class TlsSettings
{
    public bool Enabled { get; set; } = false;
    public string? CertificatePath { get; set; }
    public string? CertificatePassword { get; set; }
    public bool ValidateCertificates { get; set; } = true;

    public X509Certificate2? LoadCertificate()
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(CertificatePath))
            return null;

        if (!File.Exists(CertificatePath))
            throw new FileNotFoundException($”Certificate file not found at: {CertificatePath}");

        return !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(CertificatePassword)
            ? X509CertificateLoader.LoadPkcs12FromFile(CertificatePath, CertificatePassword)
            : X509CertificateLoader.LoadCertificateFromFile(CertificatePath);
    }
}

public class AkkaManagementOptions
{
    public bool Enabled { get; set; }
    public string? Hostname { get; set; }
    public int Port { get; set; } = 8558;
    public string ServiceName { get; set; } = "your-service";
    public string PortName { get; set; } = "management";
    public int RequiredContactPointsNr { get; set; } = 1;
    public bool FilterOnFallbackPort { get; set; } = true;
    public DiscoveryMethod DiscoveryMethod { get; set; } = DiscoveryMethod.Config;
}

public enum DiscoveryMethod
{
    Config,
    Kubernetes,
    AzureTableStorage,
    AwsEcsTagBased,
    AwsEc2TagBased
}

Akka 구성 확장 메서드(AkkaConfiguration.cs)

using Akka.Cluster.Hosting;
using Akka.Discovery.Azure;
using Akka.Discovery.Config.Hosting;
using Akka.Discovery.KubernetesApi;
using Akka.Hosting;
using Akka.Management;
using Akka.Management.Cluster.Bootstrap;
using Akka.Persistence.Sql.Config;
using Akka.Persistence.Sql.Hosting;
using Akka.Remote.Hosting;
using LinqToDB;

namespace YourApp.Config;

public static class AkkaConfiguration
{
    public static IServiceCollection ConfigureAkka(
        this IServiceCollection services,
        IConfiguration configuration,
        Action<AkkaConfigurationBuilder, IServiceProvider> additionalConfig)
    {
        var akkaSettings = BindAkkaSettings(services, configuration);

        var connectionString = configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection");
        if (connectionString is null)
            throw new Exception("DefaultConnection ConnectionString is missing");

        const string roleName = "your-role";

        services.AddAkka(akkaSettings.ActorSystemName, (builder, provider) =>
        {
            builder.ConfigureNetwork(provider)
                .WithAkkaClusterReadinessCheck()
                .WithActorSystemLivenessCheck()
                .WithSqlPersistence(
                    connectionString: connectionString,
                    providerName: ProviderName.SqlServer2022,
                    databaseMapping: DatabaseMapping.SqlServer,
                    tagStorageMode: TagMode.TagTable,
                    deleteCompatibilityMode: true,
                    useWriterUuidColumn: true,
                    autoInitialize: true,
                    journalBuilder: journalBuilder =>
                    {
                        journalBuilder.WithHealthCheck(name: "Akka.Persistence.Sql.Journal[default]");
                    },
                    snapshotBuilder: snapshotBuilder =>
                    {
                        snapshotBuilder.WithHealthCheck(name: "Akka.Persistence.Sql.SnapshotStore[default]");
                    });

            // 여기에 액터 추가
            // 예: builder.WithActors((system, registry) => { ... });

            additionalConfig(builder, provider);
        });

        return services;
    }

    public static AkkaSettings BindAkkaSettings(IServiceCollection services, IConfiguration configuration)
    {
        var akkaSettings = new AkkaSettings();
        configuration.GetSection(nameof(AkkaSettings)).Bind(akkaSettings);
        services.AddSingleton(akkaSettings);
        return akkaSettings;
    }

    public static AkkaConfigurationBuilder ConfigureNetwork(
        this AkkaConfigurationBuilder builder,
        IServiceProvider serviceProvider)
    {
        var settings = serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<AkkaSettings>();
        var configuration = serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<IConfiguration>();

        // TLS 구성이 활성화된 경우 적용
        if (settings.TlsSettings is { Enabled: true })
        {
            ConfigureRemoteOptionsWithTls(settings);
        }

        builder.WithRemoting(settings.RemoteOptions);

        if (settings.AkkaManagementOptions is { Enabled: true })
        {
            // Akka.Management 사용 시 시드 노드 제거
            var clusterOptions = settings.ClusterOptions;
            clusterOptions.SeedNodes = [];

            builder
                .WithClustering(clusterOptions)
                .WithAkkaManagement(setup =>
                {
                    setup.Http.HostName = settings.AkkaManagementOptions.Hostname?.ToLower();
                    setup.Http.Port = settings.AkkaManagementOptions.Port;
                    setup.Http.BindHostName = "0.0.0.0";
                    setup.Http.BindPort = settings.AkkaManagementOptions.Port;
                })
                .WithClusterBootstrap(options =>
                {
                    options.ContactPointDiscovery.ServiceName = settings.AkkaManagementOptions.ServiceName;
                    options.ContactPointDiscovery.PortName = settings.AkkaManagementOptions.PortName;
                    options.ContactPointDiscovery.RequiredContactPointsNr =
                        settings.AkkaManagementOptions.RequiredContactPointsNr;
                    options.ContactPointDiscovery.ContactWithAllContactPoints = true;
                    options.ContactPointDiscovery.StableMargin = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5);
                    options.ContactPoint.FilterOnFallbackPort =
                        settings.AkkaManagementOptions.FilterOnFallbackPort;
                }, autoStart: true);

            ConfigureDiscovery(builder, settings, configuration);
        }
        else
        {
            builder.WithClustering(settings.ClusterOptions);
        }

        return builder;
    }

    private static void ConfigureDiscovery(
        AkkaConfigurationBuilder builder,
        AkkaSettings settings,
        IConfiguration configuration)
    {
        switch (settings.AkkaManagementOptions!.DiscoveryMethod)
        {
            case DiscoveryMethod.Kubernetes:
                builder.WithKubernetesDiscovery();
                break;

            case DiscoveryMethod.AzureTableStorage:
                var connectionString = configuration.GetConnectionString("AkkaManagementAzure");
                if (connectionString is null)
                    throw new Exception("AkkaManagement table storage connection string [AkkaManagementAzure] is missing");

                builder
                    .WithAzureDiscovery(options =>
                    {
                        options.ServiceName = settings.AkkaManagementOptions.ServiceName;
                        options.ConnectionString = connectionString;
                        options.HostName = settings.RemoteOptions.PublicHostName?.ToLower() ?? "localhost";
                        options.Port = settings.AkkaManagementOptions.Port;
                    })
                    .AddHocon(AzureDiscovery.DefaultConfiguration(), HoconAddMode.Append);
                break;

            case DiscoveryMethod.Config:
                builder.WithConfigDiscovery(options =>
                {
                    options.Services.Add(new Service
                    {
                        Name = settings.AkkaManagementOptions.ServiceName,
                        Endpoints =
                        [
                            $”{settings.AkkaManagementOptions.Hostname}:{settings.AkkaManagementOptions.Port}”
                        ]
                    });
                });
                break;

            default:
                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException();
        }
    }

    private static void ConfigureRemoteOptionsWithTls(AkkaSettings settings)
    {
        var tlsSettings = settings.TlsSettings!;
        var remoteOptions = settings.RemoteOptions;

        var certificate = tlsSettings.LoadCertificate();
        if (certificate is null)
            throw new InvalidOperationException("TLS is enabled but no certificate could be loaded");

        remoteOptions.EnableSsl = true;
        remoteOptions.Ssl = new SslOptions
        {
            X509Certificate = certificate,
            SuppressValidation = !tlsSettings.ValidateCertificates
        };

        // 시드 노드를 akka.ssl.tcp:// 프로토콜로 업데이트
        if (settings.ClusterOptions.SeedNodes?.Length > 0)
        {
            settings.ClusterOptions.SeedNodes = settings.ClusterOptions.SeedNodes
                .Select(node => node.Replace("akka.tcp://", "akka.ssl.tcp://"))
                .ToArray();
        }
    }
}

Program.cs 통합

using YourApp.Config;
using Petabridge.Cmd.Host;
using Petabridge.Cmd.Cluster;

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);

// 서비스 추가
builder.Services.AddRazorPages(); // 또는 앱에 필요한 다른 서비스

// Akka.NET 구성
builder.Services.ConfigureAkka(builder.Configuration,
    (configurationBuilder, provider) =>
    {
        var options = provider.GetRequiredService<AkkaSettings