Dify 集成和扩展 SKILL
与外部系统和服务的集成指南
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API 集成
Dify 提供完整的 REST API,支持应用程序集成和工作流编排。
核心 API 端点
| 端点 | 方法 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|
/v1/chat-messages | POST | 发送聊天消息 |
/v1/completions | POST | 发送补全请求 |
/v1/workflows/run | POST | 运行工作流 |
/v1/parameters | GET | 获取应用参数 |
/v1/file-upload | POST | 文件上传 |
REST API 集成
import requests
import json
class DifyClient:
def __init__(self, base_url: str, api_key: str):
self.base_url = base_url.rstrip('/')
self.headers = {
"Authorization": f"Bearer {api_key}",
"Content-Type": "application/json"
}
def chat_message(self, query: str, user: str, **kwargs):
"""发送聊天消息"""
payload = {
"query": query,
"user": user,
**kwargs
}
response = requests.post(
f"{self.base_url}/v1/chat-messages",
headers=self.headers,
json=payload
)
return response.json()
def run_workflow(self, workflow_id: str, inputs: dict, user: str):
"""运行工作流"""
payload = {
"inputs": inputs,
"user": user,
"response_mode": "blocking"
}
response = requests.post(
f"{self.base_url}/v1/workflows/run",
headers=self.headers,
json=payload
)
return response.json()
使用示例:
# 初始化客户端
client = DifyClient(
base_url="https://api.dify.ai/v1",
api_key="app-xxxxx"
)
# 发送聊天消息
result = client.chat_message(
query="你好",
user="user123",
conversation_id=None # 新会话
)
print(result)
Webhook 集成
Webhook 用于在特定事件发生时接收通知,支持工作流触发和事件回调。
工作流 Webhook 触发
# 工作流配置
nodes:
- id: webhook-trigger
data:
type: webhook-trigger
method: POST
path: /webhook/my-workflow
parameters:
- name: data
type: string
required: true
Webhook 回调处理
from flask import Flask, request, jsonify
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/webhook/callback', methods=['POST'])
def handle_webhook():
"""处理 Dify Webhook 回调"""
payload = request.json
# 验证签名
signature = request.headers.get('X-Dify-Signature')
if not verify_signature(payload, signature):
return jsonify({"error": "Invalid signature"}), 401
# 处理事件
event_type = payload.get('event')
if event_type == 'workflow.finished':
# 工作流完成处理
result = payload.get('data', {}).get('output', {})
process_result(result)
return jsonify({"status": "success"})
Webhook 事件类型
| 事件 | 说明 | 触发时机 |
|---|---|---|
workflow.started | 工作流开始 | 工作流启动时 |
workflow.finished | 工作流完成 | 工作流正常完成 |
workflow.failed | 工作流失败 | 工作流执行失败 |
node.started | 节点开始 | 节点开始执行 |
node.finished | 节点完成 | 节点执行完成 |
流式响应
支持 Server-Sent Events (SSE) 实现实时流式输出。
import requests
import json
def stream_chat(client: DifyClient, query: str, user: str):
"""流式聊天请求"""
payload = {
"query": query,
"user": user,
"response_mode": "streaming"
}
response = requests.post(
f"{client.base_url}/v1/chat-messages",
headers=client.headers,
json=payload,
stream=True
)
for line in response.iter_lines():
if line:
# 解析 SSE 格式
data = line.decode('utf-8')
if data.startswith('data: '):
event = json.loads(data[6:])
yield event
# 使用示例
for event in stream_chat(client, "讲个故事", "user123"):
if event.get('event') == 'message':
print(event.get('data', {}).get('answer'), end='', flush=True)
SSE 事件格式:
{
"event": "message",
"task_id": "abc123",
"message_id": "msg_xxx",
"conversation_id": "conv_xxx",
"answer": "生成的文本内容",
"created_at": 1234567890
}
MCP 协议
Model Context Protocol (MCP) 是用于 AI 助手与外部系统集成的标准化协议。
MCP Server 实现
Dify 可以作为 MCP Server,提供工具和资源供 AI 调用。
from mcp.server import Server
from mcp.server.stdio import stdio_server
from mcp.types import Tool, TextContent
import asyncio
class DifyMCPServer:
def __init__(self, dify_client: DifyClient):
self.client = dify_client
self.server = Server("dify-mcp")
async def start(self):
"""启动 MCP Server"""
@self.server.list_tools()
async def list_tools() -> list[Tool]:
return [
Tool(
name="dify_chat",
description="与 Dify 应用进行对话",
inputSchema={
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"query": {"type": "string", "description": "用户查询"},
"user": {"type": "string", "description": "用户标识"}
},
"required": ["query", "user"]
}
),
Tool(
name="dify_run_workflow",
description="运行 Dify 工作流",
inputSchema={
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"inputs": {"type": "object", "description": "工作流输入参数"},
"user": {"type": "string", "description": "用户标识"}
},
"required": ["inputs", "user"]
}
)
]
@self.server.call_tool()
async def call_tool(name: str, arguments: dict) -> list[TextContent]:
if name == "dify_chat":
result = self.client.chat_message(
query=arguments["query"],
user=arguments["user"]
)
return [TextContent(type="text", text=json.dumps(result))]
elif name == "dify_run_workflow":
result = self.client.run_workflow(
workflow_id=arguments.get("workflow_id", ""),
inputs=arguments["inputs"],
user=arguments["user"]
)
return [TextContent(type="text", text=json.dumps(result))]
else:
raise ValueError(f"Unknown tool: {name}")
# 启动服务
await stdio_server(self.server.run())
# 运行服务器
if __name__ == "__main__":
client = DifyClient("https://api.dify.ai/v1", "app-xxxxx")
server = DifyMCPServer(client)
asyncio.run(server.start())
MCP Client 实现
Dify 可以调用外部 MCP Server 提供的工具。
from mcp import ClientSession, StdioServerParameters
from mcp.client.stdio import stdio_client
import asyncio
class DifyMCPClient:
def __init__(self, server_command: str, server_args: list[str]):
self.server_params = StdioServerParameters(
command=server_command,
args=server_args
)
async def call_tool(self, tool_name: str, arguments: dict):
"""调用 MCP 工具"""
async with stdio_client(self.server_params) as (read, write):
async with ClientSession(read, write) as session:
await session.initialize()
result = await session.call_tool(tool_name, arguments)
return result
# 使用示例
async def main():
client = DifyMCPClient(
server_command="node",
server_args=["mcp-server.js"]
)
result = await client.call_tool("get_weather", {"city": "北京"})
print(result)
asyncio.run(main())
双向通信配置
在 Dify 工作流中配置 MCP 节点:
nodes:
- id: mcp-tool
data:
type: tool
provider_type: mcp
server_config:
type: stdio
command: python
args: ["mcp_server.py"]
tools:
- name: search
description: 搜索工具
input_schema:
type: object
properties:
query:
type: string
外部服务集成
数据库集成
PostgreSQL/MySQL
import psycopg2
from dify_plugin import Tool
from typing import Generator
class DatabaseTool(Tool):
def _invoke(
self,
tool_parameters: dict
) -> Generator[ToolInvokeMessage, None, None]:
# 获取连接参数
host = self.runtime_credentials.get("host")
port = self.runtime_credentials.get("port")
database = self.runtime_credentials.get("database")
user = self.runtime_credentials.get("user")
password = self.runtime_credentials.get("password")
# 建立连接
conn = psycopg2.connect(
host=host,
port=port,
database=database,
user=user,
password=password
)
try:
# 执行查询
query = tool_parameters.get("query")
cursor = conn.cursor()
cursor.execute(query)
# 获取结果
if query.strip().upper().startswith("SELECT"):
columns = [desc[0] for desc in cursor.description]
results = cursor.fetchall()
yield self.create_json_message({
"columns": columns,
"data": results
})
else:
conn.commit()
yield self.create_text_message(f"affected rows: {cursor.rowcount}")
finally:
conn.close()
Redis
import redis
from dify_plugin import Tool
class RedisTool(Tool):
def _invoke(self, tool_parameters: dict) -> Generator[ToolInvokeMessage, None, None]:
r = redis.Redis(
host=self.runtime_credentials.get("host"),
port=self.runtime_credentials.get("port"),
password=self.runtime_credentials.get("password"),
db=self.runtime_credentials.get("db", 0)
)
operation = tool_parameters.get("operation")
key = tool_parameters.get("key")
if operation == "get":
value = r.get(key)
yield self.create_text_message(value.decode() if value else "")
elif operation == "set":
value = tool_parameters.get("value")
r.set(key, value)
yield self.create_text_message("OK")
elif operation == "delete":
r.delete(key)
yield self.create_text_message("deleted")
存储服务集成
S3/MinIO
import boto3
from dify_plugin import Tool
class S3Tool(Tool):
def _invoke(self, tool_parameters: dict) -> Generator[ToolInvokeMessage, None, None]:
s3 = boto3.client(
's3',
endpoint_url=self.runtime_credentials.get("endpoint"),
aws_access_key_id=self.runtime_credentials.get("access_key"),
aws_secret_access_key=self.runtime_credentials.get("secret_key")
)
operation = tool_parameters.get("operation")
bucket = tool_parameters.get("bucket")
key = tool_parameters.get("key")
if operation == "upload":
content = tool_parameters.get("content")
s3.put_object(Bucket=bucket, Key=key, Body=content)
yield self.create_text_message(f"Uploaded to {bucket}/{key}")
elif operation == "download":
response = s3.get_object(Bucket=bucket, Key=key)
content = response['Body'].read()
yield self.create_binary_message(content)
elif operation == "list":
response = s3.list_objects_v2(Bucket=bucket)
keys = [obj['Key'] for obj in response.get('Contents', [])]
yield self.create_json_message({"keys": keys})
消息队列集成
RabbitMQ
import pika
from dify_plugin import Tool
class RabbitMQTool(Tool):
def _invoke(self, tool_parameters: dict) -> Generator[ToolInvokeMessage, None, None]:
credentials = pika.PlainCredentials(
self.runtime_credentials.get("username"),
self.runtime_credentials.get("password")
)
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(
pika.ConnectionParameters(
host=self.runtime_credentials.get("host"),
port=self.runtime_credentials.get("port"),
credentials=credentials
)
)
channel = connection.channel()
operation = tool_parameters.get("operation")
queue = tool_parameters.get("queue")
if operation == "publish":
message = tool_parameters.get("message")
channel.queue_declare(queue=queue, durable=True)
channel.basic_publish(
exchange='',
routing_key=queue,
body=message,
properties=pika.BasicProperties(delivery_mode=2)
)
yield self.create_text_message("Message published")
elif operation == "consume":
method, properties, body = channel.basic_get(queue=queue)
if body:
yield self.create_text_message(body.decode())
channel.basic_ack(method.delivery_tag)
else:
yield self.create_text_message("No message")
connection.close()
Kafka
from kafka import KafkaProducer, KafkaConsumer
from dify_plugin import Tool
import json
class KafkaTool(Tool):
def _invoke(self, tool_parameters: dict) -> Generator[ToolInvokeMessage, None, None]:
operation = tool_parameters.get("operation")
topic = tool_parameters.get("topic")
if operation == "publish":
message = tool_parameters.get("message")
producer = KafkaProducer(
bootstrap_servers=self.runtime_credentials.get("servers"),
value_serializer=lambda v: json.dumps(v).encode('utf-8')
)
producer.send(topic, value={"message": message})
producer.flush()
producer.close()
yield self.create_text_message("Message sent")
elif operation == "consume":
consumer = KafkaConsumer(
topic,
bootstrap_servers=self.runtime_credentials.get("servers"),
value_deserializer=lambda m: json.loads(m.decode('utf-8')),
auto_offset_reset='earliest'
)
for message in consumer:
yield self.create_json_message(message.value)
break # 只消费一条
集成案例
案例 1: 企业内部系统集成
# 企业微信通知集成
class WeChatNotifier:
def __init__(self, webhook_url: str):
self.webhook_url = webhook_url
def notify(self, title: str, content: str):
payload = {
"msgtype": "markdown",
"markdown": {
"content": f"## {title}\n{content}"
}
}
requests.post(self.webhook_url, json=payload)
# 在工作流中使用
def on_workflow_finished(context):
notifier = WeChatNotifier(os.environ["WECHAT_WEBHOOK"])
notifier.notify(
title="工作流完成",
content=f"工作流 {context.workflow_id} 已完成"
)
案例 2: 数据管道集成
# 数据处理管道
class DataPipeline:
def __init__(self):
self.steps = []
def add_step(self, step):
self.steps.append(step)
return self
def execute(self, data):
result = data
for step in self.steps:
result = step(result)
return result
# 在 Dify 插件中使用
class DataPipelineTool(Tool):
def _invoke(self, tool_parameters: dict) -> Generator[ToolInvokeMessage, None, None]:
pipeline = DataPipeline()
pipeline.add_step(transform1)
pipeline.add_step(transform2)
input_data = tool_parameters.get("data")
result = pipeline.execute(input_data)
yield self.create_json_message(result)
故障排查
常见问题
| 问题 | 原因 | 解决方案 |
|---|---|---|
| API 请求超时 | 网络延迟或服务繁忙 | 增加超时时间,实现重试机制 |
| Webhook 签名验证失败 | 签名算法错误 | 确认使用正确的 HMAC-SHA256 算法 |
| MCP 连接失败 | 服务器未启动 | 检查服务器进程和网络连接 |
| 数据库连接池耗尽 | 并发过高 | 调整连接池大小,使用连接复用 |
调试技巧
import logging
# 启用调试日志
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
# API 调试
response = client.chat_message("test", "user")
print(f"Status: {response.status_code}")
print(f"Headers: {response.headers}")
print(f"Body: {response.text}")
相关 SKILL
- 01-workflow - 工作流设计,了解如何触发工作流
- 02-plugin - 插件开发,学习开发自定义集成插件
- 03-performance - 性能优化,优化集成性能
- 04-security - 安全实践,集成安全注意事项
- 06-reference - 参考资料,API/SDK 参考
相关资源
版本信息: v1.0.0 | 最后更新: 2026-03-05